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Dynamic operating reserve procurement improves scarcity pricing in PJM

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  • Lavin, Luke
  • Murphy, Sinnott
  • Sergi, Brian
  • Apt, Jay

Abstract

Competitive electricity markets can procure reserve generation through a market in which the demand for reserves is administratively established. A downward sloping or stepped administrative demand curve is commonly termed an operating reserve demand curve (ORDC). We propose a dynamic formulation of an ORDC with generator forced outage probabilities conditional on ambient temperature to implement scarcity pricing in a wholesale electricity market. This formulation improves on common existing methods used by wholesale market operators to articulate ORDCs by explicitly accounting for a large source of observed variability in generator forced outages, whereby for a fixed load, more reserves are required during times of extreme heat and cold to maintain a constant risk of reserve shortage. Such a dynamic ORDC increases social welfare by $17.1 million compared to current practice in the PJM Interconnection during a high load week in a welfare-maximizing electricity market with co-optimized procurement of energy and reserves. A dynamic ORDC increases reserve prices under scarcity conditions, but has minimal effects on total market payments. The results are directly relevant to the modeled two-settlement electricity market in PJM, which is currently undergoing enhancements to its ORDC.

Suggested Citation

  • Lavin, Luke & Murphy, Sinnott & Sergi, Brian & Apt, Jay, 2020. "Dynamic operating reserve procurement improves scarcity pricing in PJM," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:147:y:2020:i:c:s0301421520305747
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111857
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Haider Ali & Faheem Aslam & Paulo Ferreira, 2021. "Modeling Dynamic Multifractal Efficiency of US Electricity Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Luigi Viola & Saeed Nordin & Daniel Dotta & Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh & Ross Baldick & Damian Flynn, 2023. "Ancillary Services in Power System Transition Toward a 100% Non-Fossil Future: Market Design Challenges in the United States and Europe," Papers 2311.02090, arXiv.org.
    4. Dranka, Géremi Gilson & Ferreira, Paula & Vaz, A. Ismael F., 2021. "A review of co-optimization approaches for operational and planning problems in the energy sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    5. Zhang, Yuanyuan & Zhao, Huiru & Li, Bingkang, 2022. "Research on the design and influence of unit generation capacity adequacy guarantee mechanism in the power market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).

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