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The impact of PVs and EVs on domestic electricity network charges: A case study from Great Britain

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  • Küfeoğlu, Sinan
  • Pollitt, Michael G.

Abstract

Electric power distribution network charges have become a popular area of study for regulators, industry and academia. Increasing use of photovoltaics (PVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) by domestic customers has created concerns about the fairness of the current tariff structure. Proposing a tariff design, which will be cost reflective, transparent, sustainable, economically efficient is socially desirable. Wealth transfer through electricity distribution tariffs is a major concern for energy regulators. This paper aims to analyse the current distribution network tariffs faced by four main household customer groups in Great Britain (GB) - defined as those who own a PV and an EV, those with EV but no PV, those with PV but no EV and finally those with neither EV nor PV – under various uptake scenarios for EVs and PVs. We illustrate the impact on household tariffs for the most and least expensive GB network operators, namely London Power Networks and Scottish Hydro Electric Power Distribution. The results show that, due to the current network charges calculation structure, as PV penetration increases, the distribution tariffs increase for all customers regardless of whether someone owns a PV or not. On the other hand, as EV penetration increases, the distribution tariffs decrease for all customer groups. Another key finding is that the distribution tariffs in Great Britain are EV dominated and the future EV and PV penetration projections indicate that the distribution tariffs will likely decrease for all customers in Great Britain.

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  • Küfeoğlu, Sinan & Pollitt, Michael G., 2019. "The impact of PVs and EVs on domestic electricity network charges: A case study from Great Britain," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 412-424.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:127:y:2019:i:c:p:412-424
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2018.12.012
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    2. Pollitt, M. & Dale, L., 2018. "Restructuring the Chinese Electricity Supply Sector - How industrial electricity prices are determined in a liberalized power market: lessons from Great Britain," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 1871, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    3. Freitas Gomes, Icaro Silvestre & Perez, Yannick & Suomalainen, Emilia, 2020. "Coupling small batteries and PV generation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    4. Heymann, Fabian & Miranda, Vladimiro & Soares, Filipe Joel & Duenas, Pablo & Perez Arriaga, Ignacio & Prata, Ricardo, 2019. "Orchestrating incentive designs to reduce adverse system-level effects of large-scale EV/PV adoption – The case of Portugal," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    5. Vaughan, Jim & Doumen, Sjoerd C. & Kok, Koen, 2023. "Empowering tomorrow, controlling today: A multi-criteria assessment of distribution grid tariff designs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    6. Hoarau, Quentin & Perez, Yannick, 2019. "Network tariff design with prosumers and electromobility: Who wins, who loses?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 26-39.
    7. Giulietti, Monica & Le Coq, Chloé & Willems, Bert & Anaya, Karim, 2019. "Smart Consumers in the Internet of Energy : Flexibility Markets & Services from Distributed Energy Resources," Other publications TiSEM 2edb43b5-bbd6-487d-abdf-7, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    8. Freitas Gomes, Icaro Silvestre & Perez, Yannick & Suomalainen, Emilia, 2021. "Rate design with distributed energy resources and electric vehicles: A Californian case study," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    9. Clastres, Cédric & Percebois, Jacques & Rebenaque, Olivier & Solier, Boris, 2019. "Cross subsidies across electricity network users from renewable self-consumption," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-1.
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    11. Wadim Strielkowski & Elena Volkova & Luidmila Pushkareva & Dalia Streimikiene, 2019. "Innovative Policies for Energy Efficiency and the Use of Renewables in Households," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, April.
    12. Chyong, C. & Pollitt, M. & Cruise, R., 2019. "Can wholesale electricity prices support “subsidy-free” generation investment in Europe?," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 1955, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    13. Manuel de Villena, Miguel & Jacqmin, Julien & Fonteneau, Raphael & Gautier, Axel & Ernst, Damien, 2021. "Network tariffs and the integration of prosumers: The case of Wallonia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
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    15. Bovera, Filippo & Delfanti, Maurizio & Fumagalli, Elena & Lo Schiavo, Luca & Vailati, Riccardo, 2021. "Regulating electricity distribution networks under technological and demand uncertainty," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    16. Yang, Xinhe & Wang, Xiuli & Lu, Zhilin & Liang, Ziyang & Gu, Chenghong & Li, Furong, 2024. "Distribution network tariff design: Facilitate flexible resource under uncertain future energy scenarios," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    17. Bert Willems & Juulia Zhou, 2020. "The Clean Energy Package and Demand Response: Setting Correct Incentives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, October.
    18. Collier, Samuel H.C. & House, Jo I. & Connor, Peter M. & Harris, Richard, 2023. "Distributed local energy: Assessing the determinants of domestic-scale solar photovoltaic uptake at the local level across England and Wales," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Distribution; Network; Tariff; PV; EV;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L94 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Electric Utilities

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