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Three-level warranty service contract among manufacturer, agent and customer: A game-theoretical approach

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  • Esmaeili, M.
  • Shamsi Gamchi, N.
  • Asgharizadeh, E.

Abstract

A warranty is a service contract between a manufacturer and a customer which plays a vital role in many businesses and legal transactions. In this paper, various three-level service contracts will be presented among the following three participants; a manufacturer, an agent, and a customer. In order to obtain a better result, the interaction between the aforementioned participants will be modeled using the game theory approach. Under non-cooperative and semi-cooperative games, the optimal sale price, warranty period and warranty price for the manufacturer and the optimal maintenance cost or repair cost for the agent are obtained by maximizing their profits. The satisfaction of the customer is also maximized by being able to choose one of the suggested options from the manufacturer and the agent, based on the risk parameter. Several numerical examples and managerial insights are presented and used to illustrate the models presented in this paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Esmaeili, M. & Shamsi Gamchi, N. & Asgharizadeh, E., 2014. "Three-level warranty service contract among manufacturer, agent and customer: A game-theoretical approach," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 239(1), pages 177-186.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:239:y:2014:i:1:p:177-186
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2014.04.045
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Xiaodong Zhu & Lingfei Yu & Wei Li, 2019. "Warranty Period Decision and Coordination in Closed-Loop Supply Chains Considering Remanufacturing and Consumer Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-26, August.
    3. Ma, Yujie & Du, Gang & Jiao, Roger J., 2024. "Design for product upgradability considering remanufacturing outsourcing: A three-level joint optimization approach," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    4. Rahimi-Ghahroodi, S. & Al Hanbali, A. & Zijm, W.H.M. & Timmer, J.B., 2019. "Emergency supply contracts for a service provider with limited local resources," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 445-460.
    5. Chen, Jiguang & Hu, Qiying, 2015. "Optimal payment scheme when the supplier’s quality level and cost are unknown," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 245(3), pages 731-742.
    6. Hezarkhani, Behzad, 2017. "Optimal design of uptime-guarantee contracts under IGFR valuations and convex costs," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 256(2), pages 556-566.
    7. Lianmin Zhang & Lei Guan & Daniel Zhuoyu Long & Houcai Shen & Huajun Tang, 2023. "Who is better off by selling extended warranties in the supply chain: the manufacturer, the retailer, or both?," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 328(2), pages 1557-1583, September.
    8. Wang, Yulan & Wallace, Stein W. & Shen, Bin & Choi, Tsan-Ming, 2015. "Service supply chain management: A review of operational models," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 247(3), pages 685-698.
    9. Moura, Márcio das Chagas & Santana, João Mateus & Droguett, Enrique López & Lins, Isis Didier & Guedes, Bruno Nunes, 2017. "Analysis of extended warranties for medical equipment: A Stackelberg game model using priority queues," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 338-354.
    10. Darghouth, M.N. & Ait-kadi, D. & Chelbi, A., 2017. "Joint optimization of design, warranty and price for products sold with maintenance service contracts," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 197-208.
    11. Rezapour, Shabnam & Allen, Janet K. & Mistree, Farrokh, 2016. "Reliable flow in forward and after-sales supply chains considering propagated uncertainty," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 409-436.
    12. Hamidi, Maryam & Liao, Haitao & Szidarovszky, Ferenc, 2016. "Non-cooperative and cooperative game-theoretic models for usage-based lease contracts," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 255(1), pages 163-174.
    13. Chen, Cheng-Kang & Lo, Chih-Chung & Weng, Tzu-Chun, 2017. "Optimal production run length and warranty period for an imperfect production system under selling price dependent on warranty period," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 259(2), pages 401-412.
    14. Raj Kumar Bachar & Shaktipada Bhuniya & Santanu Kumar Ghosh & Biswajit Sarkar, 2022. "Controllable Energy Consumption in a Sustainable Smart Manufacturing Model Considering Superior Service, Flexible Demand, and Partial Outsourcing," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(23), pages 1-29, November.
    15. Nikunja Mohan Modak & Shibaji Panda & Shib Sankar Sana, 2015. "Managing a two-echelon supply chain with price, warranty and quality dependent demand," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(1), pages 1011014-101, December.
    16. Huang, Hongfu & Liu, Feng & Zhang, Peng, 2021. "To outsource or not to outsource? Warranty service provision strategies considering competition, costs and reliability," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    17. Lu, Zhen & Shang, Jennifer, 2019. "Warranty mechanism for pre-owned tech products: Collaboration between E-tailers and online warranty provider," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 119-131.
    18. Rezapour, Shabnam & Allen, Janet K. & Mistree, Farrokh, 2016. "Reliable product-service supply chains for repairable products," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 299-321.
    19. Wu, Jun & Du, Gang & Jiao, Roger J., 2021. "Optimal postponement contracting decisions in crowdsourced manufacturing: A three-level game-theoretic model for product family architecting considering subcontracting," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 291(2), pages 722-737.
    20. Ríos Insua, David & Ruggeri, Fabrizio & Soyer, Refik & Rasines, Daniel G., 2018. "Adversarial issues in reliability," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 266(3), pages 1113-1119.

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