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Resilience, indirect effects and cycling in ecological networks

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  • Kazanci, Caner
  • Ma, Qianqian
  • Basheer, Aladeen Al
  • Azizi, Asma

Abstract

Indirect effects index (IEI) and cycling index (FCI) are two key measures of ecological network analysis that are known to be correlated. Systems with high IEI values are assumed to be more stable and resilient. While this makes sense from a theoretical point of view, there is lack of evidence on the contribution of indirect interactions to ecosystem stability and resilience. Investigation of this relationship between resilience and indirect effects leads to a better understanding of IEI, that it is actually a sum of three distinct components (IEI-cycle, IEI-mixed and IEI-pure), each of which is identified by their relation to cycling. IEI and FCI are highly correlated because both values increase with average path length path, which is the average number of compartments a unit flow material passes through before exiting the system. While IEI and FCI are highly correlated, the third component of IEI, IEI-pure, is totally uncorrelated with cycling.This is because the effects of cycling are excluded from IEI-pure, by definition. Interestingly, we find out that IEI-pure is the major contributor to ecosystem resilience.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazanci, Caner & Ma, Qianqian & Basheer, Aladeen Al & Azizi, Asma, 2023. "Resilience, indirect effects and cycling in ecological networks," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 481(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:481:y:2023:i:c:s0304380023000741
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110346
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ma, Q. & Kazanci, C., 2013. "Analysis of indirect effects within ecosystem models using pathway-based methodology," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 238-245.
    2. Min, Yong & Jin, Xiaogang & Chang, Jie & Peng, Changhui & Gu, Baojing & Ge, Ying & Zhong, Yang, 2011. "Weak indirect effects inherent to nitrogen biogeochemical cycling within anthropogenic ecosystems: A network environ analysis," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 222(17), pages 3277-3284.
    3. Kazancı, Caner, 2007. "EcoNet: A new software for ecological modeling, simulation and network analysis," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 208(1), pages 3-8.
    4. Miehls, Andrea L. Jaeger & Mason, Doran M. & Frank, Kenneth A. & Krause, Ann E. & Peacor, Scott D. & Taylor, William W., 2009. "Invasive species impacts on ecosystem structure and function: A comparison of the Bay of Quinte, Canada, and Oneida Lake, USA, before and after zebra mussel invasion," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(22), pages 3182-3193.
    5. Miehls, Andrea L. Jaeger & Mason, Doran M. & Frank, Kenneth A. & Krause, Ann E. & Peacor, Scott D. & Taylor, William W., 2009. "Invasive species impacts on ecosystem structure and function: A comparison of Oneida Lake, New York, USA, before and after zebra mussel invasion," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(22), pages 3194-3209.
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