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Plant competition under simultaneous adaptation by herbivores and pollinators

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  • Revilla, Tomás A.
  • Marcou, Thomas
  • Křivan, Vlastimil

Abstract

Two plants can influence one another indirectly by affecting population dynamics of shared exploiters and/or shared mutualists, giving rise to apparent competition or apparent mutualism, respectively. Indirect interactions between plants also occur when the preferences of exploiters and mutualists adapt to changes in relative plant densities. Here we study simultaneous effects of adaptive herbivore and pollinator preferences on the dynamics of two competing plant populations. As a result of feedbacks between plant dynamics and adaptive animal preferences, plants coexist at alternative stable states. This outcome is favored at low abundances of herbivores and pollinators when consumers tend to specialize on a single plant. As herbivore and pollinator abundances increase, generalism becomes more common. This promotes plant coexistence by balancing antagonistic and mutualistic effects between plants. Plant community dynamics become also more predictable due to reduction in the number of alternative stable states. This shows that the global decline in insect populations can lead to structural changes in plant communities that are difficult to predict.

Suggested Citation

  • Revilla, Tomás A. & Marcou, Thomas & Křivan, Vlastimil, 2021. "Plant competition under simultaneous adaptation by herbivores and pollinators," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 455(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:455:y:2021:i:c:s0304380021001939
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109634
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    1. Kevin McCann & Alan Hastings & Gary R. Huxel, 1998. "Weak trophic interactions and the balance of nature," Nature, Nature, vol. 395(6704), pages 794-798, October.
    2. Ugo Bastolla & Miguel A. Fortuna & Alberto Pascual-García & Antonio Ferrera & Bartolo Luque & Jordi Bascompte, 2009. "The architecture of mutualistic networks minimizes competition and increases biodiversity," Nature, Nature, vol. 458(7241), pages 1018-1020, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Revilla, Tomás A. & Křivan, Vlastimil, 2022. "Prey–predator dynamics with adaptive protection mutualism," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 433(C).

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