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Coupling boreal forest CO2, H2O and energy flows by a vertically structured forest canopy – Soil model with separate bryophyte layer

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  • Launiainen, Samuli
  • Katul, Gabriel G.
  • Lauren, Ari
  • Kolari, Pasi

Abstract

A 1-dimensional multi-layer, multi-species soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model APES (Atmosphere-Plant Exchange Simulator) with a separate moss layer at the forest floor was developed and evaluated for a boreal Scots pine forest situated in Hyytiälä, Southern Finland. The APES is based on biophysical principles for up-scaling CO2, H2O, heat and momentum exchange from canopy element level to a stand scale. The functional descriptions of sub-models were parametrized by literature values, previous model approaches and leaf and moss gas exchange measurements, and stand structural characteristics derived from multi-scale measurements. The model was independently tested against eddy-covariance fluxes of CO2, H2O and sensible heat measured above and within the canopy, and against soil heat flux and temperature and moisture profiles. The model was shown to well reproduce fluxes and resulting scalar gradients at diurnal and seasonal timescales. Also predictions for moss moisture content and soil moisture and temperature dynamics were acceptable considering the heterogeneity in soil hydraulic and thermal properties and uncertainties in boundary conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Launiainen, Samuli & Katul, Gabriel G. & Lauren, Ari & Kolari, Pasi, 2015. "Coupling boreal forest CO2, H2O and energy flows by a vertically structured forest canopy – Soil model with separate bryophyte layer," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 312(C), pages 385-405.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:312:y:2015:i:c:p:385-405
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.06.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Olchev, A. & Ibrom, A. & Ross, T. & Falk, U. & Rakkibu, G. & Radler, K. & Grote, S. & Kreilein, H. & Gravenhorst, G., 2008. "A modelling approach for simulation of water and carbon dioxide exchange between multi-species tropical rain forest and the atmosphere," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 212(1), pages 122-130.
    2. Šimůnek, Jiří & Hopmans, Jan W., 2009. "Modeling compensated root water and nutrient uptake," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(4), pages 505-521.
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    1. Carlos E. Villarreal-Olavarrieta & Néstor García-Chan & Miguel E. Vázquez-Méndez, 2021. "Simulation of Heat and Water Transport on Different Tree Canopies: A Finite Element Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(19), pages 1-20, September.
    2. Metzler, Holger & Launiainen, Samuli & Vico, Giulia, 2024. "Amount of carbon fixed, transit time and fate of harvested wood products define the climate change mitigation potential of boreal forest management—A model analysis," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 491(C).

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