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Tax motivated vertical FDI and transfer pricing

Author

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  • Sandonis, Joel
  • Yermukanova, Binur

Abstract

We examine a domestic downstream producer that acquires a foreign input supplier with the aim of manipulating the transfer price and shifting profits from a high-tax to a low-tax country. The multinational enterprise faces a trade-off: insourcing the input at a high transfer price reduces the corporate tax burden but at the cost of increasing the input cost of its downstream division, which reduces domestic sales and profits. The optimal transfer price balances this trade-off. Regulation under the arm’s length principle is shown to reduce the transfer price, which reduces distortion in the domestic production and expands the region in which vertical FDI benefits consumers and social welfare in the home country. We also show that promoting downstream competition could help align private and social incentives, reinforcing the positive effects of regulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandonis, Joel & Yermukanova, Binur, 2024. "Tax motivated vertical FDI and transfer pricing," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecmode:v:139:y:2024:i:c:s026499932400169x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2024.106813
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ying Li & Ying Cheng, 2024. "A Risk Management Strategy under Transfer Pricing for Multi-National Supply Chain along the Belt and Road Initiative," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-24, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Multinational enterprise; Vertical foreign direct investment; Corporate tax; Transfer price; Arm’s length principle;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • H26 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Tax Evasion and Avoidance
    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
    • L22 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Organization and Market Structure
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation

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