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Impact of probation interventions on drug use outcomes for youths under probation supervision

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  • Schwalbe, Craig S.J.

Abstract

Use of drugs and alcohol by justice-involved youths is a longstanding concern for juvenile justice policy-makers and researchers. However, little explored in this research is how the tactics and strategies employed by probation officers with this population impacts drug use outcomes. This study explored the effects of four types of probation strategies (positive pressure, negative pressure, parental involvement, treatment referrals) on 12-month drug use trajectories in a sample of 144 youths under probation supervision. Multilevel negative binomial regression models found that positive pressures (incentives & rewards) reduced drug use when negative pressures (threats & confrontation) were minimized. More frequent parental involvement early in the course of probation was associated with reduced drug use for girls, and was associated with increased drug use for both boys and girls later during the probation period. Finally, early referral to drug treatment programs was associated with reduced drug use outcomes. These findings suggest practical program and policy strategies to reduce drug use among probation-involved youths.

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  • Schwalbe, Craig S.J., 2019. "Impact of probation interventions on drug use outcomes for youths under probation supervision," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 58-64.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:98:y:2019:i:c:p:58-64
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.12.019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tammy Harris & Joseph M. Hilbe & James W. Hardin, 2014. "Modeling count data with generalized distributions," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 14(3), pages 562-579, September.
    2. Hilbe,Joseph M., 2014. "Modeling Count Data," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9781107611252, October.
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    1. Trull-Oliva, Carme & Soler-Masó, Pere, 2021. "The opinion of young people who have committed violent child-to-parent crimes on factors that enhance and limit youth empowerment," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).

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