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Teacher support as a protective factor against sadness and hopelessness for adolescents experiencing parental incarceration: Findings from the 2015 Texas Alternative School Survey

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  • Thurman, Whitney
  • Johnson, Karen
  • Gonzalez, Daniel P.
  • Sales, Adam

Abstract

Estimates indicate that nearly 2 million children in the U.S. experience parental incarceration each year. Parental incarceration can negatively influence youth development and mental health, which highlights the need to identify protective mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to quantify the prevalence of parental incarceration in a sample of alternative school students, explore the relationship between teacher support (a component of school connectedness) and sadness/hopelessness for students reporting parental incarceration, and test whether this relationship might vary by gender or by race/ethnicity. The results indicate that students attending alternative high schools suffer disproportionately from both parental incarceration and sadness. Of the 515 students who took the survey, 48.7% reported experiencing parental incarceration. Of those, 43.2% reported feeling so sad or hopeless almost every day for at least two weeks in the past year that they stopped doing usual activities. The results indicate gender differences between teacher support and sadness/hopelessness. We suggest areas for future research and provide examples of school-based interventions and policy solutions.

Suggested Citation

  • Thurman, Whitney & Johnson, Karen & Gonzalez, Daniel P. & Sales, Adam, 2018. "Teacher support as a protective factor against sadness and hopelessness for adolescents experiencing parental incarceration: Findings from the 2015 Texas Alternative School Survey," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 558-566.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:88:y:2018:i:c:p:558-566
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.04.004
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    2. Amanda Geller & Carey Cooper & Irwin Garfinkel & Ofira Schwartz-Soicher & Ronald Mincy, 2012. "Beyond Absenteeism: Father Incarceration and Child Development," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 49(1), pages 49-76, February.
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    4. Johnson, Karen E. & Bearinger, Linda H. & Eisenberg, Marla E. & Fulkerson, Jayne A. & Sieving, Renee E. & Lando-King, Elizabeth A., 2014. "Studying the playbook: Which pathways mediate relationships between sports team participation and health-risk behaviors among alternative high school students?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 217-224.
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    1. Fortems, Charlotte & Hansen, Bart & Glazemakers, Inge, 2023. "Characteristics of youth in alternative education settings: A scoping literature review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    2. Johnson, Elizabeth I. & Kilpatrick, Tanner & Bolland, Anneliese & Bolland, John, 2020. "Positive youth development in the context of household member contact with the criminal justice system," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).

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