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Barriers to disclosing child sexual abuse (CSA) in ethnic minority communities: A review of the literature and implications for practice in Australia

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  • Sawrikar, Pooja
  • Katz, Ilan

Abstract

Research on child sexual abuse (CSA) among ethnic minority communities in Australia is essentially absent. To begin to address the gap, a systematic literature review was conducted; which necessarily borrowed from overseas to help inform the national context. A wide array of barriers to disclosure were identified, suggesting that this is a fundamental issue for ethnic minorities. The most significant of these barriers appears to be the need to protect family name. This also leads to non-supportive and protective responses from non-offending mothers, however this experience (although more intense) is shared with the Western mainstream. In comparison, fear of stigmatising their whole community is a unique barrier and highlights that racism is a significant and additional burden. The findings suggest that service worker training in Australia is critical for informing professionals of: the importance of family reputation for collectivist groups; the importance of responding supportively and protectively to child victims who have disclosed to them first; the cross-cultural complexities that surround construals of ‘child safety’; educating non-offending mothers about the importance of at least believing their child's disclosure (associated with mediating mental illness among victims, but also culturally appropriate because it acknowledges the protective role of family cohesion in collectivist cultures and the high motivation to avoid social exclusion – the most common reprisal for shaming the family name); exploring acculturation as a possible predictor of disclosure; and the risk of racism being overlooked or minimised. Overall, it is argued that practice informed by a well-developed national research agenda is critical.

Suggested Citation

  • Sawrikar, Pooja & Katz, Ilan, 2017. "Barriers to disclosing child sexual abuse (CSA) in ethnic minority communities: A review of the literature and implications for practice in Australia," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 302-315.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:83:y:2017:i:c:p:302-315
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.11.011
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yoshihama, Mieko & Horrocks, Julie, 2010. "Risk of intimate partner violence: Role of childhood sexual abuse and sexual initiation in women in Japan," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 28-37, January.
    2. Gary Johns, 2008. "The Northern Territory Intervention in Aboriginal Affairs: Wicked Problem or Wicked Policy?," Agenda - A Journal of Policy Analysis and Reform, Australian National University, College of Business and Economics, School of Economics, vol. 15(2), pages 65-84.
    3. Sawrikar, Pooja & Katz, Ilan, 2017. "The treatment needs of victims/survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA) from ethnic minority communities: A literature review and suggestions for practice," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 166-179.
    4. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    5. Mildred, Jane & Plummer, Carol A., 2009. "Responding to child sexual abuse in the United States and Kenya: Child protection and children's rights," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 601-608, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sawrikar, Pooja, 2020. "Service providers’ understanding of cross-cultural differences in belief of myths about child sexual abuse: Results from a program evaluation study in Australia," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    2. Sawrikar, Pooja & Katz, Ilan, 2017. "How aware of child sexual abuse (CSA) are ethnic minority communities? A literature review and suggestions for raising awareness in Australia," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 246-260.
    3. Sawrikar, Pooja, 2020. "Service providers’ cultural self-awareness and responsible use of racial power when working with ethnic minority victims/survivors of child sexual abuse: Results from a program evaluation study in Aus," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    4. Suyanto, Bagong & Hidayat, Medhy Aginta & Sugihartati, Rahma & Ariadi, Septi & Wadipalapa, Rendy Pahrun, 2019. "Incestuous abuse of Indonesian girls: An exploratory study of media coverage," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 364-371.
    5. Shirley Ben Shlomo & Ayelet Oreg, 2022. "Ultra-Orthodox Lesbian Women in Israel: Alternative Family Structures as a Bridge between Religious and Sexual Identities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-21, June.

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