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Racial inequality and the implementation of emergency management laws in economically distressed urban areas

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  • Lee, Shawna J.
  • Krings, Amy
  • Rose, Sara
  • Dover, Krista
  • Ayoub, Jessica
  • Salman, Fatima

Abstract

This study examines the use of emergency management laws as a policy response to fiscal emergencies in urban areas. Focusing on one Midwestern Rust Belt state, we use a mixed methods approach – integrating chronology of legislative history, analysis of Census data, and an ethnographic case study – to examine the dynamics of emergency management laws from a social justice perspective. Analysis of Census data showed that emergency management policies disproportionately affected African Americans and poor families. Analysis indicated that in one state, 51% of African American residents and 16.6% of Hispanic or Latinos residents had lived in cities that were under the governance of an emergency manager at some time during 2008–2013, whereas only 2.4% of the White population similarly had lived in cities under emergency management. An ethnographic case study highlights the mechanisms by which an emergency manager hindered the ability of residents in one urban neighborhood, expected to host a large public works project, to obtain a Community Benefits Agreement intended to provide assistance to residents, most of whom were poor families with young children. We conclude with a discussion of how emergency management laws may impact social service practice and policy practice in urban communities, framed from a social justice perspective. We argue that these are not race neutral policies, given clear evidence of race and ethnic disparities in their implementation.

Suggested Citation

  • Lee, Shawna J. & Krings, Amy & Rose, Sara & Dover, Krista & Ayoub, Jessica & Salman, Fatima, 2016. "Racial inequality and the implementation of emergency management laws in economically distressed urban areas," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 1-7.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:70:y:2016:i:c:p:1-7
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.08.016
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hanna-Attisha, M. & LaChance, J. & Sadler, R.C. & Schnepp, A.C., 2016. "Elevated blood lead levels in children associated with the flint drinking water crisis: A spatial analysis of risk and public health response," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(2), pages 283-290.
    2. Skidmore, Mark & Scorsone, Eric, 2011. "Causes and consequences of fiscal stress in Michigan cities," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(4), pages 360-371, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Breznau, Nate & Kirkpatrick, L. Owen, 2018. "Urban Fiscal Crisis and Local Emergency Management: Tracking the Color Line in Michigan," OSF Preprints k9ve7, Center for Open Science.
    2. Melissa Heil, 2023. "The politics of owing: Accounting, water disconnection, and austerity urbanism in Detroit," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 41(3), pages 485-503, May.
    3. Neslihan Bisgin & Halil Bisgin & Daniel Hummel & Jon Zelner & Belinda L. Needham, 2023. "Did the public attribute the Flint Water Crisis to racism as it was happening? Text analysis of Twitter data to examine causal attributions to racism during a public health crisis," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 6(1), pages 165-190, April.
    4. Krings, Amy & Thomas, Hillary & Lee, Shawna J. & Ali, Aayat & Miller, LaDonna, 2018. "Mothers' perceptions of educational access and engagement in a context of urban austerity," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 298-307.
    5. Ezell, Jerel M. & Olson, Brooke & Ghosh, Arnab & Chase, Elizabeth C., 2022. "Theorizing on neo public assistance: How do race and class impact resource uptake and behavior following disaster?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    6. Melissa Heil, 2022. "Debtor spaces: Austerity, space, and dispossession in Michigan’s emergency management system," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 54(5), pages 966-983, August.

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