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Family reunification for placed children in Québec, Canada: A longitudinal study

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  • Esposito, Tonino
  • Trocmé, Nico
  • Chabot, Martin
  • Collin-Vézina, Delphine
  • Shlonsky, Aron
  • Sinha, Vandna

Abstract

This is the first Canadian longitudinal study to use province-wide clinical administrative data to explore when family reunification is most likely to occur and for whom. Clinical administrative child protection data were merged with the 2006 Canadian Census data for the province of Québec; the final dataset included 24,196 children admitted to out-of-home care for the first time between April 1, 2002 and March 31, 2011, of which 80.2% (N=19,412) return to live in their natural family milieu. The overall cohort was divided into two groups: children 0 to 9years old (N=8369) at initial placement of which 68.9% return to live in their natural family milieu; and children 10 to 17years old (N=15,827) at initial placement of which 86.3% return to live in their natural family milieu. Cox proportional hazard results indicate that younger children, specifically those aged 2 to 5years old at initial placement, have the lowest likelihood of returning to live with their natural families over time. Irrespective of age at initial placement, the decreased likelihood of family reunification was statistically explained by a combination of psychological abuse, physical and health neglect, parents' high risk lifestyle, sexual abuse, school neglect, hospital referrals, placement instability, number of investigations, and neighborhood area socioeconomic disadvantages.

Suggested Citation

  • Esposito, Tonino & Trocmé, Nico & Chabot, Martin & Collin-Vézina, Delphine & Shlonsky, Aron & Sinha, Vandna, 2014. "Family reunification for placed children in Québec, Canada: A longitudinal study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 278-287.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:44:y:2014:i:c:p:278-287
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.06.024
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Esposito, Tonino & Chabot, Martin & Caldwell, Johanna & Webb, Calum & Delaye, Ashleigh & Fluke, John D. & Trocmé, Nico & Bywaters, Paul, 2022. "The differential association of socioeconomic vulnerabilities and neglect-related child protection involvement across geographies: Multilevel structural equation modeling," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    2. Gendron-Cloutier, Lauranne & Daigneault, Isabelle & Esposito, Tonino, 2024. "Predictors of placement instability for sexually abused children served by child protection services," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    3. Fernandez, Elizabeth & Delfabbro, Paul & Ramia, Ioana & Kovacs, Szilvia, 2019. "Children returning from care: The challenging circumstances of parents in poverty," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 100-111.
    4. Van Holen, Frank & Belenger, Laurence & Carlier, Elke & Potoms, Babette & Vanderfaeillie, Johan, 2018. "Short-term family foster care in Flanders: An exploratory study into the factors associated with family reunification decisions," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 699-708.

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