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The stability of child protection placements in Québec, Canada

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  • Esposito, Tonino
  • Trocmé, Nico
  • Chabot, Martin
  • Collin-Vézina, Delphine
  • Shlonsky, Aron
  • Sinha, Vandna

Abstract

This is the first Canadian longitudinal study to use province-wide clinical-administrative data to explore the factors most associated with changing out of home placements. Clinical-administrative child protection data were merged with Canadian Census data for the province of Québec and the final dataset included 29,040 children admitted to out-of-home care for the first time between April 1, 2002 and March 31, 2011. Cox proportional hazard results indicate that older youth, specifically those aged 10 to 13years at initial placement, have the highest risk to experience the most placement changes over time. The increased risk of placement changes for older youth was statistically explained by a combination of male gender, behavioral problems, school truancy and school neglect, residential or group care at initial placement, request for youth criminal justice services, number of investigations, and neighborhood area socioeconomic disadvantages. Neighborhood area socioeconomic disadvantages were only considered a statistically significant predictor of older youth changing placements at least three times, but not for younger children, or for youth experiencing fewer placement changes.

Suggested Citation

  • Esposito, Tonino & Trocmé, Nico & Chabot, Martin & Collin-Vézina, Delphine & Shlonsky, Aron & Sinha, Vandna, 2014. "The stability of child protection placements in Québec, Canada," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 10-19.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:42:y:2014:i:c:p:10-19
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.03.015
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Oosterman, Mirjam & Schuengel, Carlo & Wim Slot, N. & Bullens, Ruud A.R. & Doreleijers, Theo A.H., 2007. "Disruptions in foster care: A review and meta-analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 53-76, January.
    2. palmer, Sally E., 1996. "Placement stability and inclusive practice in foster care: An empirical study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(7), pages 589-601.
    3. Joseph J. Doyle, Jr., 2007. "Child Protection and Adult Crime: Using Investigator Assignment to Estimate Causal Effects of Foster Care," NBER Working Papers 13291, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Esposito, Tonino & Trocmé, Nico & Chabot, Martin & Shlonsky, Aron & Collin-Vézina, Delphine & Sinha, Vandna, 2013. "Placement of children in out-of-home care in Québec, Canada: When and for whom initial out-of-home placement is most likely to occur," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 2031-2039.
    5. Timo M. Kauppinen & Matti Kortteinen & Mari Vaattovaara, 2011. "Unemployment During a Recession and Later Earnings," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 48(6), pages 1273-1290, May.
    6. Miller, Keith A. & Fisher, Philip A. & Fetrow, Becky & Jordan, Kathy, 2006. "Trouble on the journey home: Reunification failures in foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(3), pages 260-274, March.
    7. James, Sigrid & Landsverk, John & Slymen, Donald J., 2004. "Placement movement in out-of-home care: patterns and predictors," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 185-206, February.
    8. Fernandez, Elizabeth, 1999. "Pathways in substitute care: Representation of placement careers of children using event history analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 177-216, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Brown, Delphine, 2023. "Childhood experiences, growing up “in care,” and trust: A quantitative analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    2. Hébert, Sophie T. & Lanctôt, Nadine & Turcotte, Mathilde, 2016. "“I didn't want to be moved there”: Young women remembering their perceived sense of Agency in the Context of placement instability," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 229-237.
    3. Gendron-Cloutier, Lauranne & Daigneault, Isabelle & Esposito, Tonino, 2024. "Predictors of placement instability for sexually abused children served by child protection services," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    4. Esposito, Tonino & Trocmé, Nico & Chabot, Martin & Collin-Vézina, Delphine & Shlonsky, Aron & Sinha, Vandna, 2014. "Family reunification for placed children in Québec, Canada: A longitudinal study," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 278-287.
    5. Goyette, Martin & Blanchet, Alexandre & Esposito, Tonino & Delaye, Ashleigh, 2021. "The role of placement instability on employment and educational outcomes among adolescents leaving care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).

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