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Onset of juvenile court involvement: Exploring gender-specific associations with maltreatment and poverty

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  • Bright, Charlotte Lyn
  • Jonson-Reid, Melissa

Abstract

Despite increased attention to gender differences in youthful offending, no known studies have examined the relative impact of poverty, maltreatment, and their combination on gender-specific patterns of offending. This research addresses the question of the differential impact of maltreatment and poverty on the onset of status and delinquent petitions for girls compared to boys. A sample of youth born in 1982-1986 in the Midwest was examined. The independent variables were poverty, maltreatment, and both. The risks of delinquent petition and status petition were analyzed using separate Cox proportional hazards models by gender. A second set of analyses were conducted on a subset of youth reported for maltreatment. There was an increase in the likelihood of juvenile court petition based on the combination of poverty and maltreatment risk factors compared to maltreatment only. This increase in risk held true only for the boys in the maltreatment subsample. Thus, the notion of these risk factors being additive is supported with males, but only for females when a non-maltreatment comparison group exists. The gender-specific nature of these relationships supports conceptual propositions that girls' pathways to the juvenile justice system are distinct from boys'. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Bright, Charlotte Lyn & Jonson-Reid, Melissa, 2008. "Onset of juvenile court involvement: Exploring gender-specific associations with maltreatment and poverty," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(8), pages 914-927, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:30:y:2008:i:8:p:914-927
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barth, Richard P. & Jonson-Reid, Melissa, 2000. "Outcomes after child welfare services: Implications for the design of performance measures," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(9-10), pages 763-787.
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    2. Postlethwait, Ariana W. & Barth, Richard P. & Guo, Shenyang, 2010. "Gender variation in delinquent behavior changes of child welfare-involved youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 318-324, March.
    3. Sanders, Jane E. & Fallon, Barbara, 2018. "Child welfare involvement and academic difficulties: Characteristics of children, families, and households involved with child welfare and experiencing academic difficulties," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 98-109.
    4. Lee, Madeline Y. & Jonson-Reid, Melissa, 2009. "Needs and outcomes for low income youth in special education: Variations by emotional disturbance diagnosis and child welfare contact," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(7), pages 722-731, July.
    5. McCarthy, Molly M. & Taylor, Penny & Norman, Rosana E. & Pezzullo, Lynne & Tucci, Joe & Goddard, Chris, 2016. "The lifetime economic and social costs of child maltreatment in Australia," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 217-226.
    6. Jonson-Reid, Melissa & Drake, Brett & Kohl, Patricia L., 2009. "Is the overrepresentation of the poor in child welfare caseloads due to bias or need?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 422-427, March.
    7. Dauber, Sarah & Hogue, Aaron, 2011. "Profiles of systems involvement in a sample of high-risk urban adolescents with unmet treatment needs," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(10), pages 2018-2026, October.
    8. Malvaso, Catia G & Delfabbro, Paul H & Day, Andrew, 2017. "Child maltreatment and criminal convictions in youth: The role of gender, ethnicity and placement experiences in an Australian population," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 57-65.
    9. Chiu, Yu-Ling & Ryan, Joseph P. & Herz, Denise C., 2011. "Allegations of maltreatment and delinquency: Does risk of juvenile arrest vary substantiation status?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 855-860, June.

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