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Profiles of Mother-Infant risk in a nationally representative sample

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  • Mortensen, Jennifer A.
  • Jeon, Hyun-Joo

Abstract

This study examined profiles of maternal-infant risk with data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study- Birth Cohort (a nationally representative sample of U.S. families with a new infant in 2001) based on various infant (birth weight, prematurity), maternal (education, unemployment, unwanted pregnancy, teen birth), relationship (infant difficulty, authoritarian parenting, low developmental knowledge), and socio-environmental (poverty, public assistance) characteristics. Results of latent class analysis suggested three distinct profiles, with 56.1 % of families characterized as having little risk in these areas (low risk), 4.3 % characterized by a low birth weight and/or premature infant (high-biological risk), and 39.6 % characterized by a greater probability of risk in all areas, particularly poverty (high-risk). Mothers in the high-risk profile were disproportionately single, as well as reported greater food insecurity and depressive symptoms. Non-English households and families of color were also overrepresented in the high-risk profile, indicating important race and ethnic disparities. Additionally, profile membership was associated with observed mother-infant interactions and infant developmental outcomes when infants were 9 months old, with families from the low risk profile tending to demonstrate the best outcomes. However, small effect sizes indicated only slight differences across these three broad groups. More research is needed to examine variation in parenting and child outcomes within each risk profile, particularly family strengths that support mothers and infants most prone to risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Mortensen, Jennifer A. & Jeon, Hyun-Joo, 2023. "Profiles of Mother-Infant risk in a nationally representative sample," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:145:y:2023:i:c:s0190740922004091
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106773
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zachary Parolin & Sophie Collyer & Megan Curran, 2022. "Absence of Monthly Child Tax Credit Leads to 3.7 Million More Children in Poverty in January 2022," Poverty and Social Policy Brief 20417, Center on Poverty and Social Policy, Columbia University.
    2. repec:mpr:mprres:7032 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. MacKenzie, Michael J. & Kotch, Jonathan B. & Lee, Li-Ching, 2011. "Toward a cumulative ecological risk model for the etiology of child maltreatment," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(9), pages 1638-1647, September.
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