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Youth’s self-construction in the context of residential care: The looking-glass self within the youth-caregiver relationship

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  • Silva, Carla Sofia
  • Calheiros, Maria Manuela

Abstract

Youth in residential care typically struggle to construct a positive sense of self, given their often highly adverse life experiences. However, the processes that explain youth’s self-representations process in residential care have not been systematically analyzed. Based on the symbolic interactionism theory, this study addressed this gap in the literature by testing the Looking Glass Self Hypothesis (LGSH) in this development context within the relationship between youth and their main residential caregiver. Participants were 755 youth from 71 residential care units in Portugal, 12–25 years old, and their respective main caregiver (N = 300). Through a multi-mediator model, we examined whether caregivers’ actual appraisals of the youth in care were associated with youth’s self-representations via caregivers’ reflected appraisals (i.e., youth’s perceptions of their main caregiver’ appraisals of them). Results supported the LGSH in the context of youth-caregiver relationships in residential care, emphasizing the important role of residential caregivers in youth’s self-construction process.

Suggested Citation

  • Silva, Carla Sofia & Calheiros, Maria Manuela, 2022. "Youth’s self-construction in the context of residential care: The looking-glass self within the youth-caregiver relationship," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:132:y:2022:i:c:s0190740921004047
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106328
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Noble-Carr, Debbie & Barker, Justin & McArthur, Morag & Woodman, Elise, 2014. "Improving practice: The importance of connections in establishing positive identity and meaning in the lives of vulnerable young people," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(P3), pages 389-396.
    2. Sulimani-Aidan, Yafit, 2016. "In between formal and informal: Staff and youth relationships in care and after leaving care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 43-49.
    3. Moore, Tim & McArthur, Morag & Death, Jodi & Tilbury, Clare & Roche, Steven, 2018. "Sticking with us through it all: The importance of trustworthy relationships for children and young people in residential care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 68-75.
    4. Cahill, Orla & Holt, Stephanie & Kirwan, Gloria, 2016. "Keyworking in residential child care: Lessons from research," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 216-223.
    5. Calheiros, Maria Manuela & Silva, Carla & Patrício, Joana Nunes, 2020. "Maltreatment and youth self-representations in residential care: The moderating role of individual and placement variables," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    6. Calheiros, Maria Manuela & Garrido, Margarida Vaz & Lopes, Diniz & Patrício, Joana Nunes, 2015. "Social images of residential care: How children, youth and residential care institutions are portrayed?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 159-169.
    7. Bastiaanssen, Inge L.W. & Delsing, Marc J.M.H. & Kroes, Gert & Engels, Rutger C.M.E. & Veerman, Jan W., 2014. "Group care worker interventions and child problem behavior in residential youth care: Course and bidirectional associations," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 48-56.
    8. Leipoldt, Jonathan D. & Harder, Annemiek T. & Kayed, Nanna S. & Grietens, Hans & Rimehaug, Tormod, 2019. "Determinants and outcomes of social climate in therapeutic residential youth care: A systematic review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 429-440.
    9. Calheiros, Maria Manuela & Patrício, Joana Nunes & Graça, João, 2013. "Staff and youth views on autonomy and emancipation from residential care: A participatory research study," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 57-66.
    10. Neagu, Mariela & Sebba, Judy, 2019. "Who do they think they are: Making sense of self in residential care, foster care, and adoption," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 1-1.
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    1. Sánchez-Sandoval, Yolanda & Aragón, Claudia & Verdugo, Laura, 2022. "Future expectations of adolescents in Residential Care: The role of self-perceptions," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    2. Silva, Carla Sofia & Carvalho, Helena & Magalhães, Eunice & Attar-Schwartz, Shalhevet & Ornelas, Sandra & Calheiros, Maria Manuela, 2022. "Organizational social context and academic achievement of youth in residential care: The mediating role of youth-caregiver relationship quality," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).

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