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Responding to intimate partner violence (IPV) in Ontario, Canada: A closer look at police involvement

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  • Nikolova, Kristina
  • Fallon, Barbara
  • Black, Tara
  • Passanha, Nerissa
  • Isaac, Kenya

Abstract

Over the past 20 years, Ontario child welfare agencies have seen an exponential increase in referrals for exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) for children. Using a mixed methods approach, this paper examines the causes and consequences of the exponential increase in the incidence rates of IPV exposure between 1993 and 2013, providing important context for a maltreatment type that is not well understood in Ontario. The incidence of investigations related to IPV was derived and compared across cycles of the provincially representative Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (OIS) (1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, and 2013) and informational interviews were conducted with the primary referral source of IPV-related investigations, police departments, to understand the increase in referrals. Short term service dispositions were also compared across cycles. After the nearly two-fold increase of investigations for all maltreatment types in Ontario between 1998 and 2003, IPV investigations are the only type of maltreatment that continued to increase. In 2013, IPV was the most investigated and substantiated form of maltreatment, without a corresponding increase in the number of cases receiving ongoing services. The continued growth in the proportion of child welfare investigations for exposure to IPV that do not receive ongoing child protection services is a significant concern for Ontario. Intersystem collaboration between police, child welfare, and community services is needed to reduce repeated re-referrals and meet the needs of families experiencing IPV.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikolova, Kristina & Fallon, Barbara & Black, Tara & Passanha, Nerissa & Isaac, Kenya, 2021. "Responding to intimate partner violence (IPV) in Ontario, Canada: A closer look at police involvement," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:128:y:2021:i:c:s0190740921002449
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106168
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. English, Diana J. & Edleson, Jeffrey L. & Herrick, Mary E., 2005. "Domestic violence in one state's child protective caseload: A study of differential case dispositions and outcomes," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 27(11), pages 1183-1201, November.
    2. Millett, Lina Sapokaite & Seay, Kristen D. & Kohl, Patricia L., 2015. "A national study of intimate partner violence risk among female caregivers involved in the child welfare system: The role of nativity, acculturation, and legal status," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 60-69.
    3. Zolkoski, Staci M. & Bullock, Lyndal M., 2012. "Resilience in children and youth: A review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2295-2303.
    4. Fusco, Rachel A., 2013. "“It's hard enough to deal with all the abuse issues”: Child welfare workers' experiences with intimate partner violence on their caseloads," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 1946-1953.
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    Cited by:

    1. Edwards, Travonne & Laylor, Andre & King, Bryn & Parada, Henry, 2023. "When home reminds me of jail: The carceral nature of out-of-home care for Black youth in Ontario’s child welfare system," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).

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