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Homelessness among Indigenous peoples in Canada: The impacts of child welfare involvement and educational achievement

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  • Alberton, Amy M.
  • Angell, G. Brent
  • Gorey, Kevin M.
  • Grenier, Stéphane

Abstract

Existing evidence suggests that child welfare involvement has a deleterious impact on Indigenous peoples in Canada in terms of increasing their risk of becoming a visible or hidden homeless individual. Visible homelessness is generally understood as those individuals found sleeping in parks, cars, shelters, or on the streets and other locales such as in abandoned buildings or under bridges. Whereas the hidden homeless are those who find interim accommodations with friends, family members, and acquaintances. Although in saying this, many of the visible homelessness scenarios can also be considered hidden. Regardless, all situations of homelessness reflect uncertainty, lack of safety, and an increased vulnerability to abuse and exploitation. The pathways to homelessness are rooted in structural deficits in the society, which are multiplicative and intersectional in nature. They include housing affordability, oppression, conditions of physical and mental well-being, employment and employability, as well as family support and community connection. On the other hand, the greater the educational achievement experienced by Indigenous peoples the less the risk of being subjected to homelessness.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberton, Amy M. & Angell, G. Brent & Gorey, Kevin M. & Grenier, Stéphane, 2020. "Homelessness among Indigenous peoples in Canada: The impacts of child welfare involvement and educational achievement," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:111:y:2020:i:c:s0190740919312654
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104846
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jalene Tayler Anderson & Damian Collins, 2014. "Prevalence and Causes of Urban Homelessness Among Indigenous Peoples: A Three-Country Scoping Review," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(7), pages 959-976, October.
    2. Phinney, R. & Danziger, S. & Pollack, H.A. & Seefeldt, K., 2007. "Housing instability among current and former welfare recipients," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(5), pages 832-837.
    3. Fowler, Patrick J. & Marcal, Katherine E. & Zhang, Jinjin & Day, Orin & Landsverk, John, 2017. "Homelessness and aging out of foster care: A national comparison of child welfare-involved adolescents," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 27-33.
    4. Vincent A. Fusaro & Helen G. Levy & H. Luke Shaefer, 2018. "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Lifetime Prevalence of Homelessness in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(6), pages 2119-2128, December.
    5. Ma, Jennifer & Fallon, Barbara & Alaggia, Ramona & Richard, Kenn, 2019. "First Nations children and disparities in transfers to ongoing child welfare services in Ontario following a child protection investigation," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 207-216.
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    Cited by:

    1. Brown, Delphine, 2023. "Childhood experiences, growing up “in care,” and trust: A quantitative analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    2. A Parrott, Kristin & Huslage, Melody & Cronley, Courtney, 2022. "Educational equity: A scoping review of the state of literature exploring educational outcomes and correlates for children experiencing homelessness," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    3. Bonakdar, Ahmad & Gaetz, Stephen & Banchani, Emmanuel & Schwan, Kaitlin & Kidd, Sean A. & O'Grady, Bill, 2023. "Child protection services and youth experiencing homelessness: Findings of the 2019 national youth homelessness survey in Canada," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).

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