Fractal dimension characterization of wind speed in typhoons and severe convective weather events based on box dimension analysis

A deeper understanding of the complexity of the wind fields of typhoons and severe convective weather (SCW) events, which are examples of extreme weather events, can be obtained by comparing their wind speed fractal dimension characteristics. The results of this study revealed that the time series of wind speed in the peak regions of typhoons and SCW events exhibited strong anti-persistence. Further, we noted that the fractal dimensions of typhoons decreased with increasing altitude, whereas those for SCW events increased with increasing altitude. Typhoons showed a relatively stable and regular fractal structure across different altitudes, whereas SCW events exhibited more drastic changes at varying altitudes. Furthermore, the fractal dimensions of typhoons showed a positive correlation with mean horizontal wind speed and window width. Similarly, the fractal dimensions of SCW events increased with increasing window width but showed a decreasing trend after reaching a certain window width. Therefore, the findings of this study enhance understanding regarding the wind speed variability characteristics of typhoons and SCW events and provide important insights into the development patterns of extreme weather events.