A novel higher-order Deffuant–Weisbuch networks model incorporating the Susceptible Infected Recovered framework

The literature on opinion dynamics lacks consideration of the changing states of nodes during the process of opinion interaction, as observed in the literature on social networks. To address this gap, this paper proposes an adapted three-dimensional Deffuant–Weisbuch model based on the Susceptible Infected Recovered (SIR) model, which explores the impact of node state changes on opinion interaction. We incorporate the SIR model to describe changes in node state and improve the trust threshold by taking into account nodes’ emotional factor, cognitive ability, and state of the arts. The model is also modified using the opinion natural evolution coefficient and accounts for dynamic changes in social network structure. We validate our model with different network types and structures, and verify our results using the Louvain algorithm and index of centrality. Our model reveals that under different network types and structures, multiple opinion cliques are formed, and the opinions of ordinary nodes tend to converge around those of opinion leaders, indicating the guiding role of opinion leaders in shaping public opinion.