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Efficiently solving fractional delay differential equations of variable order via an adjusted spectral element approach

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  • Ayazi, N.
  • Mokhtary, P.
  • Moghaddam, B. Parsa

Abstract

This paper presents a new approach for solving fractional delay differential equations of variable order using the spectral element method. The proposed method overcomes the limitations of traditional spectral methods, such as poor approximation in long intervals and inefficiency in high degrees. By introducing a variable order differentiation matrix and using basic Lagrangian functions to approximate the solution in each element, the method achieves high accuracy and efficiency. A penalty method is also applied to minimize the jump of fluxes at interface points, and the effectiveness of this approach is analyzed. Finally, three benchmark problems are solved, and the convergence analysis demonstrates the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. In essence, this paper offers a significant contribution to the literature on fractional differential equations and their numerical solution methodologies.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayazi, N. & Mokhtary, P. & Moghaddam, B. Parsa, 2024. "Efficiently solving fractional delay differential equations of variable order via an adjusted spectral element approach," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:181:y:2024:i:c:s0960077924001863
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.114635
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rehman, Mujeeb ur & Idrees, Amna & Saeed, Umer, 2017. "A quadrature method for numerical solutions of fractional differential equations," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 307(C), pages 38-49.
    2. Heydari, M.H. & Hooshmandasl, M.R. & Maalek Ghaini, F.M. & Cattani, C., 2016. "Wavelets method for solving fractional optimal control problems," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 286(C), pages 139-154.
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