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Energy metrics analysis of hybrid - photovoltaic (PV) modules

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  • Tiwari, Arvind
  • Barnwal, P.
  • Sandhu, G.S.
  • Sodha, M.S.

Abstract

In this paper, energy metrics (energy pay back time, electricity production factor and life cycle conversion efficiency) of hybrid photovoltaic (PV) modules have been analyzed and presented for the composite climate of New Delhi, India. For this purpose, it is necessary to calculate (1) the energy consumption in making different components of the PV modules and (2) the annual energy (electrical and thermal) available from the hybrid-PV modules. A set of mathematical relations have been reformulated for computation of the energy metrics. The manufacturing energy, material production energy, energy use and distribution energy of the system have been taken into account, to determine the embodied energy for the hybrid-PV modules. The embodied energy and annual energy outputs have been used for evaluation of the energy metrics. For hybrid PV module, it has been observed that the EPBT gets significantly reduced by taking into account the increase in annual energy availability of the thermal energy in addition to the electrical energy. The values of EPF and LCCE of hybrid PV module become higher as expected.

Suggested Citation

  • Tiwari, Arvind & Barnwal, P. & Sandhu, G.S. & Sodha, M.S., 2009. "Energy metrics analysis of hybrid - photovoltaic (PV) modules," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(12), pages 2615-2625, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:86:y:2009:i:12:p:2615-2625
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    11. Kabakian, V. & McManus, M.C. & Harajli, H., 2015. "Attributional life cycle assessment of mounted 1.8kWp monocrystalline photovoltaic system with batteries and comparison with fossil energy production system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 428-437.
    12. Nayak, Sujata & Tiwari, G.N., 2010. "Energy metrics of photovoltaic/thermal and earth air heat exchanger integrated greenhouse for different climatic conditions of India," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(10), pages 2984-2993, October.
    13. Desideri, Umberto & Proietti, Stefania & Zepparelli, Francesco & Sdringola, Paolo & Bini, Silvia, 2012. "Life Cycle Assessment of a ground-mounted 1778kWp photovoltaic plant and comparison with traditional energy production systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 930-943.
    14. Kostic, Lj.T. & Pavlovic, T.M. & Pavlovic, Z.T., 2010. "Optimal design of orientation of PV/T collector with reflectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(10), pages 3023-3029, October.
    15. Cucchiella, Federica & D’Adamo, Idiano, 2012. "Feasibility study of developing photovoltaic power projects in Italy: An integrated approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 1562-1576.
    16. Tiwari, G.N. & Mishra, R.K. & Solanki, S.C., 2011. "Photovoltaic modules and their applications: A review on thermal modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(7), pages 2287-2304, July.
    17. Sarhaddi, F. & Farahat, S. & Ajam, H. & Behzadmehr, A. & Mahdavi Adeli, M., 2010. "An improved thermal and electrical model for a solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) air collector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(7), pages 2328-2339, July.
    18. Monirul Islam Miskat & Protap Sarker & Hemal Chowdhury & Tamal Chowdhury & Md Salman Rahman & Nazia Hossain & Piyal Chowdhury & Sadiq M. Sait, 2023. "Current Scenario of Solar Energy Applications in Bangladesh: Techno-Economic Perspective, Policy Implementation, and Possibility of the Integration of Artificial Intelligence," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-27, February.
    19. Nasrin, R. & Hasanuzzaman, M. & Rahim, N.A., 2018. "Effect of high irradiation and cooling on power, energy and performance of a PVT system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 552-569.
    20. Sharma, Rakhi & Tiwari, G.N., 2013. "Life cycle assessment of stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) system under on-field conditions of New Delhi, India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 272-282.
    21. Lamnatou, Chr. & Chemisana, D., 2017. "Photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) systems: A review with emphasis on environmental issues," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 270-287.

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