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Petroleum contaminated ground-water: Remediation using activated carbon

Author

Listed:
  • Ayotamuno, M.J.
  • Kogbara, R.B.
  • Ogaji, S.O.T.
  • Probert, S.D.

Abstract

Ground-water contamination resulting from the leakage of crude oil and refined petroleum products during extraction and processing operations is a serious and a growing environmental problem in Nigeria. Consequently, a study of the use of activated carbon (AC) in the clean up was undertaken with the aim of reducing the water contamination to a more acceptable level. In the experiments described, crude-oil contamination of ground water was simulated under laboratory conditions using ground-water samples collected from existing hand-dug wells at Eagle Island, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Different masses of the absorbent (i.e., activated carbon) were then added to the samples of ground water. The so treated water samples were left to equilibrate for 7 days, after which the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) contents of the samples were measured. Adsorption isotherms were derived for the two forms of activated carbon used, namely granular activated-carbon (GAC) and powdered activated-carbon (PAC). Results of the TPH analyses showed that activated carbon is an excellent means for the stripping-off of the contaminant: there were decreases in contaminant concentration from an initial concentration of 9304.70Â mg/l to average final concentrations of 361.00 and 12.37Â mg/l, that is, 96% and 99.9% resulting from the same amounts of GAC and PAC applications respectively. The results of this study revealed that the powdered form of AC would be very effective in the remediation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated ground water and its use is therefore recommended.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayotamuno, M.J. & Kogbara, R.B. & Ogaji, S.O.T. & Probert, S.D., 2006. "Petroleum contaminated ground-water: Remediation using activated carbon," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(11), pages 1258-1264, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:83:y:2006:i:11:p:1258-1264
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    Cited by:

    1. Benedetti, Vittoria & Patuzzi, Francesco & Baratieri, Marco, 2018. "Characterization of char from biomass gasification and its similarities with activated carbon in adsorption applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 92-99.
    2. Neeraj Gupta & B Rajanarayan Prusty & Omar Alrumayh & Abdulaziz Almutairi & Talal Alharbi, 2022. "The Role of Transactive Energy in the Future Energy Industry: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-24, October.
    3. Amit Shewale & Anil Mokhade & Nitesh Funde & Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde, 2020. "An Overview of Demand Response in Smart Grid and Optimization Techniques for Efficient Residential Appliance Scheduling Problem," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-31, August.
    4. Tasir Khan & Ishfaq Ahmad & Yejuan Wang & Muhammad Salam & Amina Shahzadi & Masooma Batool, 2024. "Comparison approach for wind resource assessment to determine the most precise approach," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(3), pages 1315-1338, May.
    5. Lee, Kuan-Ting & Cheng, Ching-Lin & Lee, Da-Sheng & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Vo, Dai-Viet N. & Ding, Lu & Lam, Su Shiung, 2022. "Spent coffee grounds biochar from torrefaction as a potential adsorbent for spilled diesel oil recovery and as an alternative fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    6. Ayotamuno, M.J. & Okparanma, R.N. & Ogaji, S.O.T. & Probert, S.D., 2007. "Chromium removal from flocculation effluent of liquid-phase oil-based drill-cuttings using powdered activated carbon," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(10), pages 1002-1011, October.

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