IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v359y2024ics030626192400076x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Integrating experimental study and intelligent modeling of pore evolution in the Bakken during simulated thermal progression for CO2 storage goals

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Chao
  • Liu, Bo
  • Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza
  • Fu, Li
  • Fattahi, Elham
  • Motra, Hem Bahadur
  • Hazra, Bodhisatwa
  • Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein
  • Ostadhassan, Mehdi

Abstract

Pore characteristics of the formation exert significant control over both the development and enrichment of shale plays, as well as CO2 storage capacity of shale reservoirs. This research delved into the alteration of the Bakken shale's pore structure - a major target of underground CO2 storage under the PCOR partnership - when exposed to anhydrous and hydrous pyrolysis (AHP and HP) across a broad temperature spectrum (300–450 °C), aiming to uncover the influence of water in this process. First, N2 adsorption analysis was carried out, followed by the delineation and characterization of distinct pore families within the pore size distribution (PSD) curves of the samples. Subsequently, fractal dimension analysis was employed to gauge the intricacy of the pore structure. Next, generalized regression neural network (GRNN) and radial basis function (RBF) neural network were employed to model the N2 adsorbed/desorbed volume of pyrolyzates obtained from pyrolysis tests. Throughout the process of thermal maturity, AHP and HP pyrolyzates exhibited an overall rise in N2 adsorption capacity, BET surface area, meso-, macro-, and total pore volume. Conversely, the average pore diameter decreased. Also, HP pyrolyzates displayed notably higher N2 adsorption capacity compared to AHP pyrolyzates. Differences in total pore volume and surface area, attributed to mesopores and macropores, were evident between HP and AHP pyrolyzates across all temperatures, with HP pyrolyzates consistently displaying higher values for these pore characteristics. Five pore families akin to those in the original Bakken shale were found in AHP and HP pyrolyzates, displaying similar mean pore sizes. Although there were significant differences in elevation and magnitude, the pyrolyzates showed heightened peaks and increased volumetric representation compared to unheated shale. Overall, AHP and HP pyrolyzates exhibited a general decrease in pore surface complexity and roughness, while concurrently displaying heightened complexity within the pore network during thermal maturation. In the modeling section, the GRNN model demonstrated supremacy in estimating N2 volume adsorbed or desorbed, with an average absolute percent relative error (AAPRE) of 3.61% across the entire dataset. The subsequent sensitivity analysis underscored the significant impact of relative pressure and pyrolysis method on the output, emphasizing the significant contribution of water in shaping pore development throughout shale thermal evolution. This study can serve as a guideline for identifying areas in the Bakken Formation that are better suited for CO2 storage, considering factors such as thermal maturity and water saturation, given extensive availability of such data.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Chao & Liu, Bo & Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza & Fu, Li & Fattahi, Elham & Motra, Hem Bahadur & Hazra, Bodhisatwa & Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2024. "Integrating experimental study and intelligent modeling of pore evolution in the Bakken during simulated thermal progression for CO2 storage goals," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:359:y:2024:i:c:s030626192400076x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122693
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626192400076X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.122693?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Calderón, Andrés J. & Pekney, Natalie J., 2020. "Optimization of enhanced oil recovery operations in unconventional reservoirs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    2. Huang, Jingwei & Jin, Tianying & Barrufet, Maria & Killough, John, 2020. "Evaluation of CO2 injection into shale gas reservoirs considering dispersed distribution of kerogen," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    3. Gou, Qiyang & Xu, Shang & Hao, Fang & Yang, Feng & Shu, Zhiguo & Liu, Rui, 2021. "The effect of tectonic deformation and preservation condition on the shale pore structure using adsorption-based textural quantification and 3D image observation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    4. Pasqualini, D. & Bassi, A.M., 2014. "Oil shale and climate policy in the shift to a low carbon and more resilient economy," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 168-176.
    5. Liu, Bo & Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza & Ma, Zhongliang & Bai, Longhui & Wang, Liu & Xu, Yaohui & Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2023. "Pore structure characterization of solvent extracted shale containing kerogen type III during artificial maturation: Experiments and tree-based machine learning modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    6. Jiang, Yongdong & Luo, Yahuang & Lu, Yiyu & Qin, Chao & Liu, Hui, 2016. "Effects of supercritical CO2 treatment time, pressure, and temperature on microstructure of shale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 173-181.
    7. Liu, Bo & Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza & Ma, Zhongliang & Bai, Longhui & Wang, Liu & Xu, Yaohui & Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2023. "Pore structure evolution of Qingshankou shale (kerogen type I) during artificial maturation via hydrous and anhydrous pyrolysis: Experimental study and intelligent modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    8. Sun, Wenjibin & Zuo, Yujun & Lin, Zhang & Wu, Zhonghu & Liu, Hao & Lin, Jianyun & Chen, Bin & Chen, Qinggang & Pan, Chao & Lan, Baofeng & Liu, Song, 2023. "Impact of tectonic deformation on shale pore structure using adsorption experiments and 3D digital core observation: A case study of the Niutitang Formation in Northern Guizhou," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    9. Zhang, Kaiqiang & Jia, Na & Li, Songyan & Liu, Lirong, 2019. "Static and dynamic behavior of CO2 enhanced oil recovery in shale reservoirs: Experimental nanofluidics and theoretical models with dual-scale nanopores," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    10. Wang, Yanwei & Dai, Zhenxue & Chen, Li & Shen, Xudong & Chen, Fangxuan & Soltanian, Mohamad Reza, 2023. "An integrated multi-scale model for CO2 transport and storage in shale reservoirs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    11. Wei, Zijian & Sheng, J.J., 2022. "Changes of pore structures and permeability of the Chang 73 medium-to-low maturity shale during in-situ heating treatment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    12. Liu, Bo & Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza & Ma, Zhongliang & Bai, Longhui & Wang, Liu & Wen, Zhigang & Liu, Yan & Morta, Hem Bahadur & Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2023. "Experimental investigation and intelligent modeling of pore structure changes in type III kerogen-rich shale artificially matured by hydrous and anhydrous pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    13. Ozotta, Ogochukwu & Kolawole, Oladoyin & Lamine Malki, Mohamed & Ore, Tobi & Gentzis, Thomas & Fowler, Hallie & Liu, Kouqi & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2022. "Nano- to macro-scale structural, mineralogical, and mechanical alterations in a shale reservoir induced by exposure to supercritical CO2," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    14. Nguyen, Phong & Carey, J. William & Viswanathan, Hari S. & Porter, Mark, 2018. "Effectiveness of supercritical-CO2 and N2 huff-and-puff methods of enhanced oil recovery in shale fracture networks using microfluidic experiments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 160-174.
    15. Aminu, Mohammed D. & Nabavi, Seyed Ali & Rochelle, Christopher A. & Manovic, Vasilije, 2017. "A review of developments in carbon dioxide storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 1389-1419.
    16. Lei, Jian & Pan, Baozhi & Guo, Yuhang & Fan, YuFei & Xue, Linfu & Deng, Sunhua & Zhang, Lihua & Ruhan, A., 2021. "A comprehensive analysis of the pyrolysis effects on oil shale pore structures at multiscale using different measurement methods," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Bo & Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza & Ma, Zhongliang & Bai, Longhui & Wang, Liu & Xu, Yaohui & Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2023. "Pore structure characterization of solvent extracted shale containing kerogen type III during artificial maturation: Experiments and tree-based machine learning modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    2. Liu, Bo & Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza & Ma, Zhongliang & Bai, Longhui & Wang, Liu & Wen, Zhigang & Liu, Yan & Morta, Hem Bahadur & Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2023. "Experimental investigation and intelligent modeling of pore structure changes in type III kerogen-rich shale artificially matured by hydrous and anhydrous pyrolysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    3. Liu, Bo & Mohammadi, Mohammad-Reza & Ma, Zhongliang & Bai, Longhui & Wang, Liu & Xu, Yaohui & Hemmati-Sarapardeh, Abdolhossein & Ostadhassan, Mehdi, 2023. "Pore structure evolution of Qingshankou shale (kerogen type I) during artificial maturation via hydrous and anhydrous pyrolysis: Experimental study and intelligent modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    4. Wei, Jianguang & Yang, Erlong & Li, Jiangtao & Liang, Shuang & Zhou, Xiaofeng, 2023. "Nuclear magnetic resonance study on the evolution of oil water distribution in multistage pore networks of shale oil reservoirs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    5. Pan, Bin & Yin, Xia & Yang, Zhengru & Ghanizadeh, Amin & Debuhr, Chris & Clarkson, Christopher R. & Gou, Feifei & Zhu, Weiyao & Ju, Yang & Iglauer, Stefan, 2024. "Real-time imaging of oil shale pyrolysis dynamics at nanoscale via environmental scanning electron microscopy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 363(C).
    6. Wang, Hui & Chen, Li & Qu, Zhiguo & Yin, Ying & Kang, Qinjun & Yu, Bo & Tao, Wen-Quan, 2020. "Modeling of multi-scale transport phenomena in shale gas production — A critical review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    7. Huang, HanWei & Yu, Hao & Xu, WenLong & Lyu, ChengSi & Micheal, Marembo & Xu, HengYu & Liu, He & Wu, HengAn, 2023. "A coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical model for production performance of oil shale reservoirs during in-situ conversion process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    8. Cui, Ziang & Sun, Mengdi & Mohammadian, Erfan & Hu, Qinhong & Liu, Bo & Ostadhassan, Mehdi & Yang, Wuxing & Ke, Yubin & Mu, Jingfu & Ren, Zijie & Pan, Zhejun, 2024. "Characterizing microstructural evolutions in low-mature lacustrine shale: A comparative experimental study of conventional heat, microwave, and water-saturated microwave stimulations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    9. Cui, Ruikang & Sun, Jianmeng & Liu, Haitao & Dong, Huaimin & Yan, WeiChao, 2024. "Pore structure and gas adsorption characteristics in stress-loaded shale on molecular simulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    10. Zhang, Xue & Su, Yuliang & Li, Lei & Da, Qi'an & Hao, Yongmao & Wang, Wendong & Liu, Jiahui & Gao, Xiaogang & Zhao, An & Wang, Kaiyu, 2022. "Microscopic remaining oil initiation mechanism and formation damage of CO2 injection after waterflooding in deep reservoirs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    11. Desmond Batsa Dorhjie & Elena Mukhina & Anton Kasyanenko & Alexey Cheremisin, 2023. "Tight and Shale Oil Exploration: A Review of the Global Experience and a Case of West Siberia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-28, September.
    12. Guo, Yaohao & Liu, Fen & Qiu, Junjie & Xu, Zhi & Bao, Bo, 2022. "Microscopic transport and phase behaviors of CO2 injection in heterogeneous formations using microfluidics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    13. Xu, HengYu & Yu, Hao & Fan, JingCun & Xia, Jun & Liu, He & Wu, HengAn, 2022. "Formation mechanism and structural characteristic of pore-networks in shale kerogen during in-situ conversion process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    14. Yin, Hong & Zhou, Junping & Xian, Xuefu & Jiang, Yongdong & Lu, Zhaohui & Tan, Jingqiang & Liu, Guojun, 2017. "Experimental study of the effects of sub- and super-critical CO2 saturation on the mechanical characteristics of organic-rich shales," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 84-95.
    15. Wang, Chongyang & Zhang, Dongming & Liu, Chenxi & Pan, Yisha & Jiang, Zhigang & Yu, Beichen & Lin, Yun, 2023. "Deformation and seepage characteristics of water-saturated shale under true triaxial stress," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    16. Jin, Lu & Hawthorne, Steven & Sorensen, James & Pekot, Lawrence & Kurz, Bethany & Smith, Steven & Heebink, Loreal & Herdegen, Volker & Bosshart, Nicholas & Torres, José & Dalkhaa, Chantsalmaa & Peters, 2017. "Advancing CO2 enhanced oil recovery and storage in unconventional oil play—Experimental studies on Bakken shales," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 171-183.
    17. Zhou, Junping & Tian, Shifeng & Zhou, Lei & Xian, Xuefu & Yang, Kang & Jiang, Yongdong & Zhang, Chengpeng & Guo, Yaowen, 2020. "Experimental investigation on the influence of sub- and super-critical CO2 saturation time on the permeability of fractured shale," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    18. Qin, Chao & Jiang, Yongdong & Cao, Mengyao & Zhou, Junping & Song, Xiao & Zuo, Shuangying & Chen, Shiwan & Luo, Yahuang & Xiao, Siyou & Yin, Hong & Du, Xidong, 2023. "Experimental study on the methane desorption-diffusion behavior of Longmaxi shale exposure to supercritical CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    19. Sun, Wenjibin & Zuo, Yujun & Lin, Zhang & Wu, Zhonghu & Liu, Hao & Lin, Jianyun & Chen, Bin & Chen, Qinggang & Pan, Chao & Lan, Baofeng & Liu, Song, 2023. "Impact of tectonic deformation on shale pore structure using adsorption experiments and 3D digital core observation: A case study of the Niutitang Formation in Northern Guizhou," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    20. Zhao, Guojun & Zheng, Jia-nan & Gong, Guangjun & Chen, Bingbing & Yang, Mingjun & Song, Yongchen, 2023. "Formation characteristics and leakage termination effects of CO2 hydrate cap in case of geological sequestration leakage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 351(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bakken shale; Artificial thermal maturation; N2 gas adsorption; Deconvolution method; Fractal dimension analysis; Artificial neural networks;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N2 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:359:y:2024:i:c:s030626192400076x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.