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Design and control of radiant ceiling panels incorporating phase change materials for cooling applications

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  • Gallardo, Andres
  • Berardi, Umberto

Abstract

Experimental and numerical studies have demonstrated that thermally activated building systems (TABS) may lead to significant energy savings. However, TABS are generally incorporated into the building during the construction phase, limiting their adoption to new buildings. To encourage the application of TABS during building refurbishments, the authors have developed a radiant ceiling panel (RCP) with macroencapsulated phase change materials (PCM). This study aims to provide the criteria to design, size, and control the newly proposed RCP-PCM system. A simplified method to size and design the RCP-PCM system for cooling applications is developed from a set of parametric dynamic simulations. At first, the thermal storage properties of the macro-encapsulated PCM were determined using the standard ASTM C1784-20. The obtained properties were then used in a whole-building simulation model validated using measurements in a small test chamber that replicates the conditions of an actual test room. The PCM panel thickness of 0.015 m and a supply water temperature of 15 ℃ showed the best results in terms of thermal comfort and effective thermal energy storage capacity. The implementation of the simplified method in a case study showed that the RCP-PCM system maintained room conditions within the specified thermal comfort range (−0.5 < PMV < 0.5) for more than 90% of the occupied periods in all of the evaluated cooling-dominated climates. Moreover, yearly-round, the PMV values never reached values higher than 0.8 or lower than −0.6, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method for designing a RCP-PCM system. The results show that energy savings of 22% could be obtained in a very hot and humid climate using an RCP-PCM system instead of a conventional all-air system. In conclusions, this paper offers a new system to promote energy flexibility and Demand-Side Management (DSM) strategies to modulate the energy demands in retrofitted buildings.

Suggested Citation

  • Gallardo, Andres & Berardi, Umberto, 2021. "Design and control of radiant ceiling panels incorporating phase change materials for cooling applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:304:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921010837
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117736
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lehmann, B. & Dorer, V. & Gwerder, M. & Renggli, F. & Tödtli, J., 2011. "Thermally activated building systems (TABS): Energy efficiency as a function of control strategy, hydronic circuit topology and (cold) generation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 180-191, January.
    2. Saffari, Mohammad & de Gracia, Alvaro & Fernández, Cèsar & Cabeza, Luisa F., 2017. "Simulation-based optimization of PCM melting temperature to improve the energy performance in buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 420-434.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Zheng, Xinyao & Zhou, Yuekuan, 2024. "Dynamic heat-transfer mechanism and performance analysis of an integrated Trombe wall with radiant cooling for natural cooling energy harvesting and air-conditioning," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    2. He, Xianya & Huang, Jingzhi & Liu, Zekun & Lin, Jian & Jing, Rui & Zhao, Yingru, 2023. "Topology optimization of thermally activated building system in high-rise building," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    3. Gallardo, Andres & Berardi, Umberto, 2022. "Evaluation of the energy flexibility potential of radiant ceiling panels with thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PC).
    4. Kiyaee, Soroush & Khalilmoghadam, Pooria & Behshad Shafii, Mohammad & Moshfegh, Alireza Z. & Hu, Mingke, 2022. "Investigation of a radiative sky cooling module using phase change material as the energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    5. Maria Ferrara & Matteo Bilardo & Dragos-Ioan Bogatu & Doyun Lee & Mahmood Khatibi & Samira Rahnama & Jun Shinoda & Ying Sun & Yongjun Sun & Alireza Afshari & Fariborz Haghighat & Ongun B. Kazanci & Ry, 2024. "Review on Advanced Storage Control Applied to Optimized Operation of Energy Systems for Buildings and Districts: Insights and Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-26, July.
    6. Madurai Elavarasan, Rajvikram & Nadarajah, Mithulananthan & Pugazhendhi, Rishi & Gangatharan, Sivasankar, 2024. "An experimental investigation on coalescing the potentiality of PCM, fins and water to achieve sturdy cooling effect on PV panels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    7. Ait Laasri, Imad & Es-sakali, Niima & Charai, Mouatassim & Mghazli, Mohamed Oualid & Outzourhit, Abdelkader, 2024. "Recent progress, limitations, and future directions of macro-encapsulated phase change materials for building applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).

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