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Experimental study of storage capacity and discharging rate of latent heat thermal energy storage units

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  • Fang, Yuhang
  • Xu, Hongtao
  • Miao, Yubo
  • Bai, Zhirui
  • Niu, Jianlei
  • Deng, Shiming

Abstract

The key performance indicators of thermal energy storage (TES) units are the effective storage capacity and discharging rate. As it happened in building cooling applications, a latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit, which is a TES unit using phase-change-materials (PCM), when not properly designed, could have an effective storage capacity significantly lower than that of a stratified-water-storage (SWS) tank. This study experimentally demonstrates how the effective storage capacity and discharging rate of PCM-based TES units can be improved by enhancing heat transfer in PCM. To do this, four basic components of shell-and-tube LHTES units were filled with four different PCM composites, respectively, and tested under both laminar and turbulent flow conditions (Re: 500–14,500). The four selected PCM composites were composed of pentadecane and expanded graphite (EG), and achieved effective thermal conductivities (keff) of 0.21 W/(m·K), 1 W/(m·K), 8.6 W/(m·K) and 20 W/(m·K)), respectively. It was found that the test unit using pentadecane-EG composite with keff = 8.6 W/(m·K) can have an effective storage capacity twice that of an ideal SWS tank operating under Re = 4300 for the radiant cooling application condition. It has long been known that enhancing heat transfer in PCM could improve the performance of PCM based TES units. However, this is the first experimental confirmation that a PCM based TES unit can achieve an effective storage capacity higher than that of an ideal SWS tank; and the discharging rate of a PCM based TES unit could be improved under a realistic, practical operating condition.

Suggested Citation

  • Fang, Yuhang & Xu, Hongtao & Miao, Yubo & Bai, Zhirui & Niu, Jianlei & Deng, Shiming, 2020. "Experimental study of storage capacity and discharging rate of latent heat thermal energy storage units," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:275:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920308370
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115325
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    1. Kumar, Ashish & Saha, Sandip K., 2021. "Performance study of a novel funnel shaped shell and tube latent heat thermal energy storage system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P1), pages 731-747.
    2. Liu, Liu & Zhang, Xiyao & Liang, Haobin & Niu, Jianlei & Wu, Jian-Yong, 2022. "Cooling storage performance of a novel phase change material nano-emulsion for room air-conditioning in a self-designed pilot thermal storage unit," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 308(C).
    3. Zhang, L.Y. & Cui, X. & Lu, Z. & Miao, C.Y. & Jin, L.W., 2021. "A novel spiral channel with the growing waviness on the sidewalls for compact high-efficiency heat exchanger," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    4. Barthwal, Mohit & Dhar, Atul & Powar, Satvasheel, 2021. "The techno-economic and environmental analysis of genetic algorithm (GA) optimized cold thermal energy storage (CTES) for air-conditioning applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    5. Liang, Haobin & Liu, Liu & Zhong, Ziwen & Gan, Yixiang & Wu, Jian-Yong & Niu, Jianlei, 2022. "Towards idealized thermal stratification in a novel phase change emulsion storage tank," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).

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