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Novel draw solution for forward osmosis based solar desalination

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  • Amjad, Muhammad
  • Gardy, Jabbar
  • Hassanpour, Ali
  • Wen, Dongsheng

Abstract

Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging technology for water desalination which requires no external force for its operation. The performance of FO for water desalination is dependent on draw solution (DS) that must provide high osmosis pressure, minimum reverse flux and efficient separation of water. This work proposes an innovative concept of energy efficient material as DS having two functions, i.e. high osmotic pressure and efficient absorption of solar energy for the regeneration phase. The potassium functionalised carbon nanofibers (K/CNF) which are highly solar absorptive, are engineered and suspended in triethylene glycol (TEG) aqueous solution with different concentrations to act as a novel DS. The TEG-K/CNF is fully characterised for morphological appearance and thermophysical characteristics before using in FO experiments. It is found that the osmotic pressure and water flux of the novel DS are directly dependent on the concentration of K/CNF and TEG. The draw solution is re-concentrated by evaporating the water aided by the highly solar absorptive K/CNF under simulated solar flux. The vapours are condensed and the quality of product water is found to be comparable with potable water standard. The novel concept proposed in this study has the potential to be used in arid areas where solar energy is abundant to fulfil the potable water needs.

Suggested Citation

  • Amjad, Muhammad & Gardy, Jabbar & Hassanpour, Ali & Wen, Dongsheng, 2018. "Novel draw solution for forward osmosis based solar desalination," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 220-231.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:230:y:2018:i:c:p:220-231
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.021
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amjad, Muhammad & Raza, Ghulam & Xin, Yan & Pervaiz, Shahid & Xu, Jinliang & Du, Xiaoze & Wen, Dongsheng, 2017. "Volumetric solar heating and steam generation via gold nanofluids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 393-400.
    2. Zhang, Maolong & Xu, Chao & Du, Xiaoze & Amjad, Muhammad & Wen, Dongsheng, 2017. "Off-design performance of concentrated solar heat and coal double-source boiler power generation with thermocline energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 697-710.
    3. Liu, Xing & Wang, Xinzhi & Huang, Jian & Cheng, Gong & He, Yurong, 2018. "Volumetric solar steam generation enhanced by reduced graphene oxide nanofluid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 302-312.
    4. Zeng, Jia & Xuan, Yimin, 2018. "Enhanced solar thermal conversion and thermal conduction of MWCNT-SiO2/Ag binary nanofluids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 809-819.
    5. Wang, Xinzhi & He, Yurong & Liu, Xing & Cheng, Gong & Zhu, Jiaqi, 2017. "Solar steam generation through bio-inspired interface heating of broadband-absorbing plasmonic membranes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 414-425.
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    1. Altmann, Thomas & Robert, Justin & Bouma, Andrew & Swaminathan, Jaichander & Lienhard, John H., 2019. "Primary energy and exergy of desalination technologies in a power-water cogeneration scheme," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Liu, Shang & Huang, Congliang & Luo, Xiao & Guo, Chuwen, 2019. "Performance optimization of bi-layer solar steam generation system through tuning porosity of bottom layer," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 504-513.
    3. Touati, Khaled & Rahaman, Md. Saifur, 2020. "Viability of pressure-retarded osmosis for harvesting energy from salinity gradients," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    4. Abdul Sattar & Muhammad Farooq & Muhammad Amjad & Muhammad A. Saeed & Saad Nawaz & M.A. Mujtaba & Saqib Anwar & Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny & Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar & Enio P. Bandarra Filho & Qasim Ali , 2020. "Performance Evaluation of a Direct Absorption Collector for Solar Thermal Energy Conversion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-16, September.
    5. Calise, Francesco & Cappiello, Francesco Liberato & Vanoli, Raffaele & Vicidomini, Maria, 2019. "Economic assessment of renewable energy systems integrating photovoltaic panels, seawater desalination and water storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Tashtoush, Bourhan & Alyahya, Wa'ed & Al Ghadi, Malak & Al-Omari, Jamal & Morosuk, Tatiana, 2023. "Renewable energy integration in water desalination: State-of-the-art review and comparative analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).

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