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Fuel cell based Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for off-grid telecom stations: Data analysis from on field demonstration tests

Author

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  • Cordiner, S.
  • Mulone, V.
  • Giordani, A.
  • Savino, M.
  • Tomarchio, G.
  • Malkow, T.
  • Tsotridis, G.
  • Pilenga, A.
  • Karlsen, M.L.
  • Jensen, J.

Abstract

The results of a wide demonstration test of Off-Grid Radio Base Stations powered with fuel cells and locally available renewable energy sources are presented. The experimental activity has been conducted as part of the FCPoweredRBS project to assess and verify the potential of hydrogen and fuel cells as power and energy sources for the telecom market. For this application, Fuel Cells have been integrated as a programmable power generator with a photovoltaic system and an energy storage system. Both electrochemical batteries and hydrogen produced locally with an electrolyzer have been tested as energy storage solutions. Data collected for a full year have been used to assess the potential of the systems proposed in comparison with diesel generators which are the standard solution for such applications. Results show that the hybrid renewable energy solution may be competitive in terms of energy efficiency and minimum consumption of fossil fuel consumption. Proper sizing and control strategy optimization are key aspects to this aim. Despite the use of FC technology and the integration of many different components, field tests have shown an acceptable level of stability and reliability.

Suggested Citation

  • Cordiner, S. & Mulone, V. & Giordani, A. & Savino, M. & Tomarchio, G. & Malkow, T. & Tsotridis, G. & Pilenga, A. & Karlsen, M.L. & Jensen, J., 2017. "Fuel cell based Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for off-grid telecom stations: Data analysis from on field demonstration tests," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 508-518.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:192:y:2017:i:c:p:508-518
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.162
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    1. Bartolucci, Lorenzo & Cordiner, Stefano & Mulone, Vincenzo & Pasquale, Stefano, 2019. "Fuel cell based hybrid renewable energy systems for off-grid telecom stations: Data analysis and system optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Codignole Luz, Fàbio & Cordiner, Stefano & Manni, Alessandro & Mulone, Vincenzo & Rocco, Vittorio, 2018. "Biomass fast pyrolysis in a shaftless screw reactor: A 1-D numerical model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 792-805.
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    4. Chen, Ben & Cai, Yonghua & Yu, Yi & Wang, Jun & Tu, Zhengkai & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2017. "Gas purging effect on the degradation characteristic of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with dead-ended mode operation II. Under different operation pressures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 50-57.
    5. Ahmad, Jameel & Imran, Muhammad & Khalid, Abdullah & Iqbal, Waseem & Ashraf, Syed Rehan & Adnan, Muhammad & Ali, Syed Farooq & Khokhar, Khawar Siddique, 2018. "Techno economic analysis of a wind-photovoltaic-biomass hybrid renewable energy system for rural electrification: A case study of Kallar Kahar," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 208-234.
    6. Luz, Fábio Codignole & Cordiner, Stefano & Manni, Alessandro & Mulone, Vincenzo & Rocco, Vittorio, 2017. "Anaerobic digestion of coffee grounds soluble fraction at laboratory scale: Evaluation of the biomethane potential," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 166-175.
    7. Maestre, V.M. & Ortiz, A. & Ortiz, I., 2024. "Sustainable and self-sufficient social home through a combined PV‑hydrogen pilot," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 363(C).
    8. Maestre, V.M. & Ortiz, A. & Ortiz, I., 2021. "Challenges and prospects of renewable hydrogen-based strategies for full decarbonization of stationary power applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    9. Bartolucci, Lorenzo & Cordiner, Stefano & Mulone, Vincenzo & Santarelli, Marina, 2019. "Hybrid renewable energy systems: Influence of short term forecasting on model predictive control performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 997-1004.
    10. Song, Chunhe & Jing, Wei & Zeng, Peng & Yu, Haibin & Rosenberg, Catherine, 2018. "Energy consumption analysis of residential swimming pools for peak load shaving," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 176-191.
    11. Chukwuma Ogbonnaya & Chamil Abeykoon & Adel Nasser & Ali Turan & Cyril Sunday Ume, 2021. "Prospects of Integrated Photovoltaic-Fuel Cell Systems in a Hydrogen Economy: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-33, October.
    12. Tanzim Meraj, Sheikh & Zaihar Yahaya, Nor & Hasan, Kamrul & Hossain Lipu, M.S. & Madurai Elavarasan, Rajvikram & Hussain, Aini & Hannan, M.A. & Muttaqi, Kashem M., 2022. "A filter less improved control scheme for active/reactive energy management in fuel cell integrated grid system with harmonic reduction ability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 312(C).
    13. Ma, Shuai & Lin, Meng & Lin, Tzu-En & Lan, Tian & Liao, Xun & Maréchal, François & Van herle, Jan & Yang, Yongping & Dong, Changqing & Wang, Ligang, 2021. "Fuel cell-battery hybrid systems for mobility and off-grid applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    14. Lee, Sanghun & Kim, Taehong & Han, Gwangwoo & Kang, Sungmin & Yoo, Young-Sung & Jeon, Sang-Yun & Bae, Joongmyeon, 2021. "Comparative energetic studies on liquid organic hydrogen carrier: A net energy analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    15. Song, Ke & Fan, Zhixin & Hu, Xiao & Ding, Yuhang & Li, Haiyang & Xu, Hongjie & Zhang, Tong, 2021. "Effect of adding vortex promoter on the performance improvement of active air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).

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