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End-of-injection fuel dribble of multi-hole diesel injector: Comprehensive investigation of phenomenon and discussion on control strategy

Author

Listed:
  • Moon, Seoksu
  • Huang, Weidi
  • Li, Zhilong
  • Wang, Jin

Abstract

The needle shutdown of fuel injectors leads to an undesired fuel dribble that forms unburned hydrocarbons and decreases the engine thermal efficiency in modern engines. Understanding of the fuel dribbling process is of great importance to establish its minimization strategy for optimal use of conventional fuels. However, the detailed needle dynamics and in- and near-nozzle flow characteristics governing the fuel dribble process have not been thoroughly understood. In this study, the needle dynamics, in- and near-nozzle flow characteristics and fuel dribble of a mini-sac type three-hole diesel injector were investigated using a high-speed X-ray phase-contrast imaging technique at different injection pressures. The results showed that an increase in injection pressure increased the flow evacuation velocity at the needle close that induced a more intense fuel cavitation and air ingestion inside the nozzle. The fuel dribbling process showed a high shot-to-shot deviation. A statistical analysis of 50-shot results exhibited two breakup modes of fuel dribble determined by the flow evacuation velocity at the needle close and presence of air ingestion. In the first mode, the fast breakup with a short residence time of fuel dribble occurred. Meanwhile, the dripping of undisturbed liquid column with a long residence time of fuel dribble occurred in the second mode. An increase in injection pressure increased the population of the first mode due to more intense air ingestion that primarily caused by an increase in needle closing speed other than an increase in peak injection velocity. Based on the results, the formation mechanism and control strategies of the fuel dribble from modern diesel injectors were discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Moon, Seoksu & Huang, Weidi & Li, Zhilong & Wang, Jin, 2016. "End-of-injection fuel dribble of multi-hole diesel injector: Comprehensive investigation of phenomenon and discussion on control strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 7-16.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:179:y:2016:i:c:p:7-16
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.116
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Mohan, Balaji & Yang, Wenming & Chou, Siaw kiang, 2013. "Fuel injection strategies for performance improvement and emissions reduction in compression ignition engines—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 664-676.
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    Cited by:

    1. Moon, Seoksu, 2016. "Novel insights into the dynamic structure of biodiesel and conventional fuel sprays from high-pressure diesel injectors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 615-625.
    2. Slavchov, Radomir I. & Mosbach, Sebastian & Kraft, Markus & Pearson, Richard & Filip, Sorin V., 2018. "An adsorption-precipitation model for the formation of injector external deposits in internal combustion engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 1423-1438.
    3. Alex Gander & Dan Sykes & Raúl Payri & Guillaume de Sercey & Dave Kennaird & Martin Gold & Richard J. Pearson & Cyril Crua, 2021. "High-Speed Infrared Measurement of Injector Tip Temperature during Diesel Engine Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Pos, Radboud & Wardle, Robert & Cracknell, Roger & Ganippa, Lionel, 2017. "Spatio-temporal evolution of diesel sprays at the early start of injection," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 391-398.
    5. Xu, Leilei & Bai, Xue-Song & Jia, Ming & Qian, Yong & Qiao, Xinqi & Lu, Xingcai, 2018. "Experimental and modeling study of liquid fuel injection and combustion in diesel engines with a common rail injection system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 287-304.
    6. de la Garza, Oscar A. & Martínez-Martínez, S. & Avulapati, Madan Mohan & Pos, Radboud & Megaritis, Thanos & Ganippa, Lionel, 2021. "Biofuels and its spray interactions under pilot-main injection strategy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    7. Ferrari, A. & Novara, C. & Paolucci, E. & Vento, O. & Violante, M. & Zhang, T., 2018. "Design and rapid prototyping of a closed-loop control strategy of the injected mass for the reduction of CO2, combustion noise and pollutant emissions in diesel engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C), pages 358-367.
    8. Xinda Zhu & Manu Mannazhi & Natascia Palazzo & Per-Erik Bengtsson & Öivind Andersson, 2020. "High-Speed Imaging of Spray Formation and Combustion in an Optical Engine: Effects of Injector Aging and TPGME as a Fuel Additive," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-26, June.
    9. Wei, Yunpeng & Zhang, Hanwen & Fan, Liyun & Gu, Yuanqi & Leng, Xianyin & Deng, Yicheng & He, Zhixia, 2022. "Experimental study into the effects of stability between multiple injections on the internal flow and near field spray dynamics of a diesel nozzle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    10. Moon, Seoksu & Li, Tianyun & Sato, Kiyotaka & Yokohata, Hideaki, 2017. "Governing parameters and dynamics of turbulent spray atomization from modern GDI injectors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 89-100.

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