IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v152y2015icp131-142.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Experimental study of a DC charging station for full electric and plug in hybrid vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Capasso, Clemente
  • Veneri, Ottorino

Abstract

This paper is aimed to analyze design criteria, setting up, control strategies and experimental tests related to a power configuration of DC micro-grid for fast charging of full electric and plug in hybrid vehicles. The proposed DC fast charging architecture is derived by an analysis comparing the main characteristics of well known architectures, mainly based on AC and DC bus, taking also into account the integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) with stationary energy storage systems and fleets of road electric/hybrid vehicles. On the base of the proposed architecture a laboratory prototype of charging station has been realized by means of a 20kW AC/DC bidirectional grid tie converter interconnected with two different power DC/DC converters of similar rated power. In this micro-grid architecture the AC/DC converter realizes a conversion stage at 790V DC, whereas other two converters allow either the electric vehicle battery packs to be charged or an energy storage buffer to save electric energy and support the main grid during the fast charging operations. The laboratory tests described in this paper are mainly devoted to characterize the laboratory demonstrator, in different operative conditions, such as vehicle-to-grid (V2G), charging/discharging operations of different types of storage systems and fast charging operations of road electric vehicles. Then the study of the proposed power conversion architecture is focused on the evaluation of charging/discharging power, efficiency, energy flux management and its impact on the main grid. In addition proper control strategies are evaluated and implemented, allowing the proposed architecture to follow the required operations. The obtained experimental results demonstrate real advantages in terms of charging times and power requirements from the main grid, when adopting DC buffer architecture for fast charging operations. Finally, these results support the identification of a knowledge base, useful to evaluate energy management and control strategies to be adopted for DC charging stations and each one of their power converters in a smart grid scenario with distributed generation systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Capasso, Clemente & Veneri, Ottorino, 2015. "Experimental study of a DC charging station for full electric and plug in hybrid vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 131-142.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:152:y:2015:i:c:p:131-142
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.040
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626191500495X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.040?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Justo, Jackson John & Mwasilu, Francis & Lee, Ju & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2013. "AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 387-405.
    2. Brouwer, Anne Sjoerd & Kuramochi, Takeshi & van den Broek, Machteld & Faaij, André, 2013. "Fulfilling the electricity demand of electric vehicles in the long term future: An evaluation of centralized and decentralized power supply systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 33-51.
    3. Basak, Prasenjit & Chowdhury, S. & Halder nee Dey, S. & Chowdhury, S.P., 2012. "A literature review on integration of distributed energy resources in the perspective of control, protection and stability of microgrid," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 5545-5556.
    4. Amjad, Shaik & Neelakrishnan, S. & Rudramoorthy, R., 2010. "Review of design considerations and technological challenges for successful development and deployment of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 1104-1110, April.
    5. Dallinger, David & Gerda, Schubert & Wietschel, Martin, 2013. "Integration of intermittent renewable power supply using grid-connected vehicles – A 2030 case study for California and Germany," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 666-682.
    6. Sousa, Tiago & Morais, Hugo & Soares, João & Vale, Zita, 2012. "Day-ahead resource scheduling in smart grids considering Vehicle-to-Grid and network constraints," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 183-193.
    7. Capasso, Clemente & Veneri, Ottorino, 2014. "Experimental analysis on the performance of lithium based batteries for road full electric and hybrid vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 921-930.
    8. Nansai, Keisuke & Tohno, Susumu & Kono, Motoki & Kasahara, Mikio, 2002. "Effects of electric vehicles (EV) on environmental loads with consideration of regional differences of electric power generation and charging characteristic of EV users in Japan," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(2), pages 111-125, February.
    9. Kristoffersen, Trine Krogh & Capion, Karsten & Meibom, Peter, 2011. "Optimal charging of electric drive vehicles in a market environment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(5), pages 1940-1948, May.
    10. Tulpule, Pinak J. & Marano, Vincenzo & Yurkovich, Stephen & Rizzoni, Giorgio, 2013. "Economic and environmental impacts of a PV powered workplace parking garage charging station," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 323-332.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yang, Jun & He, Lifu & Fu, Siyao, 2014. "An improved PSO-based charging strategy of electric vehicles in electrical distribution grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 82-92.
    2. Paterakis, Nikolaos G. & Gibescu, Madeleine, 2016. "A methodology to generate power profiles of electric vehicle parking lots under different operational strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 111-123.
    3. Veneri, Ottorino & Capasso, Clemente & Iannuzzi, Diego, 2016. "Experimental evaluation of DC charging architecture for fully-electrified low-power two-wheeler," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1428-1438.
    4. Mwasilu, Francis & Justo, Jackson John & Kim, Eun-Kyung & Do, Ton Duc & Jung, Jin-Woo, 2014. "Electric vehicles and smart grid interaction: A review on vehicle to grid and renewable energy sources integration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 501-516.
    5. Bui, Duong Minh & Chen, Shi-Lin & Lien, Keng-Yu & Chang, Yung-Ruei & Lee, Yih-Der & Jiang, Jheng-Lun, 2017. "Investigation on transient behaviours of a uni-grounded low-voltage AC microgrid and evaluation on its available fault protection methods: Review and proposals," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1417-1452.
    6. Mehrdad Tarafdar-Hagh & Kamran Taghizad-Tavana & Mohsen Ghanbari-Ghalehjoughi & Sayyad Nojavan & Parisa Jafari & Amin Mohammadpour Shotorbani, 2023. "Optimizing Electric Vehicle Operations for a Smart Environment: A Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-21, May.
    7. Yong, Jia Ying & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Tan, Kang Miao & Mithulananthan, N., 2015. "A review on the state-of-the-art technologies of electric vehicle, its impacts and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 365-385.
    8. van der Kam, Mart & van Sark, Wilfried, 2015. "Smart charging of electric vehicles with photovoltaic power and vehicle-to-grid technology in a microgrid; a case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 20-30.
    9. Jung, Jaesung & Onen, Ahmet & Russell, Kevin & Broadwater, Robert P., 2015. "Local steady-state and quasi steady-state impact studies of high photovoltaic generation penetration in power distribution circuits," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 569-583.
    10. Shepero, Mahmoud & Munkhammar, Joakim & Widén, Joakim & Bishop, Justin D.K. & Boström, Tobias, 2018. "Modeling of photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles charging on city-scale: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 61-71.
    11. Hoarau, Quentin & Perez, Yannick, 2018. "Interactions between electric mobility and photovoltaic generation: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 510-522.
    12. Jian, Linni & Zheng, Yanchong & Xiao, Xinping & Chan, C.C., 2015. "Optimal scheduling for vehicle-to-grid operation with stochastic connection of plug-in electric vehicles to smart grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 150-161.
    13. Dagar, Annu & Gupta, Pankaj & Niranjan, Vandana, 2021. "Microgrid protection: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    14. Ahn, Jae Hwan & Kang, Hoon & Lee, Ho Seong & Jung, Hae Won & Baek, Changhyun & Kim, Yongchan, 2014. "Heating performance characteristics of a dual source heat pump using air and waste heat in electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 1-9.
    15. Abbasi, Mohammad Hossein & Taki, Mehrdad & Rajabi, Amin & Li, Li & Zhang, Jiangfeng, 2019. "Coordinated operation of electric vehicle charging and wind power generation as a virtual power plant: A multi-stage risk constrained approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 1294-1307.
    16. A. Rahman, Hasimah & Majid, Md. Shah & Rezaee Jordehi, A. & Chin Kim, Gan & Hassan, Mohammad Yusri & O. Fadhl, Saeed, 2015. "Operation and control strategies of integrated distributed energy resources: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1412-1420.
    17. Unamuno, Eneko & Barrena, Jon Andoni, 2015. "Hybrid ac/dc microgrids—Part I: Review and classification of topologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 1251-1259.
    18. Gopalan, Sachit A. & Sreeram, Victor & Iu, Herbert H.C., 2014. "A review of coordination strategies and protection schemes for microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 222-228.
    19. Mansouri, M.Mahdi & Nayeripour, Majid & Negnevitsky, Michael, 2016. "Internal electrical protection of wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 840-855.
    20. Calise, Francesco & Cappiello, Francesco Liberato & Cartenì, Armando & Dentice d’Accadia, Massimo & Vicidomini, Maria, 2019. "A novel paradigm for a sustainable mobility based on electric vehicles, photovoltaic panels and electric energy storage systems: Case studies for Naples and Salerno (Italy)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 97-114.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:152:y:2015:i:c:p:131-142. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.