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Energy and emissions benefits of renewable energy derived from municipal solid waste: Analysis of a low carbon scenario in Malaysia

Author

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  • Tan, Sie Ting
  • Hashim, Haslenda
  • Lim, Jeng Shiun
  • Ho, Wai Shin
  • Lee, Chew Tin
  • Yan, Jinyue

Abstract

Ineffective waste management that involves dumping of waste in landfills may degrade valuable land resources and emit methane gas (CH4), a more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide (CO2). The incineration of waste also emits polluted chemicals such as dioxin and particle. Therefore, from a solid waste management perspective, both landfilling and incineration practices pose challenges to the development of a green and sustainable future. Waste-to-energy (WtE) has become a promising strategy catering to these issues because the utilisation of waste reduces the amount of landfilled waste (overcoming land resource issues) while increasing renewable energy production. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the energy and carbon reduction potential in Malaysia for various WtE strategies for municipal solid waste (MSW). The material properties of the MSW, its energy conversion potential and subsequent greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions are analysed based on the chemical compositions and biogenic carbon fractions of the waste. The GHG emission reduction potential is also calculated by considering fossil fuel displacement and CH4 avoidance from landfilling. In this paper, five different scenarios are analysed with results indicating a integration of landfill gas (LFG) recovery systems and waste incinerator as the major and minor WtE strategies shows the highest economical benefit with optimal GHG mitigation and energy potential. Sensitivity analysis on the effect of moisture content of MSW towards energy potential and GHG emissions are performed. These evaluations of WtE strategies provides valuable insights for policy decision in MSW management practices with cost effective, energy benefit, environmental protection.

Suggested Citation

  • Tan, Sie Ting & Hashim, Haslenda & Lim, Jeng Shiun & Ho, Wai Shin & Lee, Chew Tin & Yan, Jinyue, 2014. "Energy and emissions benefits of renewable energy derived from municipal solid waste: Analysis of a low carbon scenario in Malaysia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 797-804.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:136:y:2014:i:c:p:797-804
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.06.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Johari, Anwar & Ahmed, Saeed Isa & Hashim, Haslenda & Alkali, Habib & Ramli, Mat, 2012. "Economic and environmental benefits of landfill gas from municipal solid waste in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2907-2912.
    2. Noor, Zainura Zainon & Yusuf, Rafiu Olasunkanmi & Abba, Ahmad Halilu & Abu Hassan, Mohd Ariffin & Mohd Din, Mohd Fadhil, 2013. "An overview for energy recovery from municipal solid wastes (MSW) in Malaysia scenario," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 378-384.
    3. Oh, Tick Hui & Pang, Shen Yee & Chua, Shing Chyi, 2010. "Energy policy and alternative energy in Malaysia: Issues and challenges for sustainable growth," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(4), pages 1241-1252, May.
    4. Kathirvale, Sivapalan & Muhd Yunus, Muhd Noor & Sopian, Kamaruzzaman & Samsuddin, Abdul Halim, 2004. "Energy potential from municipal solid waste in Malaysia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 559-567.
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