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Energy potential from municipal solid waste in Malaysia

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  • Kathirvale, Sivapalan
  • Muhd Yunus, Muhd Noor
  • Sopian, Kamaruzzaman
  • Samsuddin, Abdul Halim

Abstract

The average amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in Malaysia is 0.5–0.8 kg/person/day and has increased to 1.7 kg/person/day in major cities. This paper highlights the MSW characteristics for the city of Kuala Lumpur. Currently, the waste management approach being employed is landfill, but due to rapid development and lack of space for new landfills, big cities in Malaysia are switching to incineration. A simple evaluation was conducted to establish the amount of energy that would be recovered based on the characteristics of the MSW if it were to be incinerated. From the characterization exercise, the main components of the Malaysian MSW were found to be food, paper and plastic, which made up almost 80% of the waste by weight. The average moisture content of the MSW was about 55%, making incineration a challenging task. The calorific value of the Malaysian MSW ranged between 1500 and 2600 kcal/kg. However, the energy potential from an incineration plant operating based on 1500 ton of MSW/day with an average calorific value of 2200 kcal/kg is assessed to be at 640 kW/day.

Suggested Citation

  • Kathirvale, Sivapalan & Muhd Yunus, Muhd Noor & Sopian, Kamaruzzaman & Samsuddin, Abdul Halim, 2004. "Energy potential from municipal solid waste in Malaysia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 559-567.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:29:y:2004:i:4:p:559-567
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2003.09.003
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    Cited by:

    1. Shahmohammadi, M. Sadegh & Mohd. Yusuff, Rosnah & Keyhanian, Sina & Shakouri G., Hamed, 2015. "A decision support system for evaluating effects of Feed-in Tariff mechanism: Dynamic modeling of Malaysia’s electricity generation mix," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 217-229.
    2. Thakur, Disha & Kumar, Sanjay & Kumar, Vineet & Kaur, Tarlochan, 2024. "Estimation of calorific value using an artificial neural network based on stochastic ultimate analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    3. Fatoumata Jarjusey & Norshamliza Chamhuri, 2017. "Consumers' Awareness and Knowledge about Food Waste in Selangor,Malaysia," International Journal of Business and Economic Affairs (IJBEA), Sana N. Maswadeh, vol. 2(2), pages 91-97.
    4. Mazzoni, Luca & Janajreh, Isam & Elagroudy, Sherien & Ghenai, Chaouki, 2020. "Modeling of plasma and entrained flow co-gasification of MSW and petroleum sludge," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    5. Singh, Rajeev Pratap & Singh, Pooja & Araujo, Ademir S.F. & Hakimi Ibrahim, M. & Sulaiman, Othman, 2011. "Management of urban solid waste: Vermicomposting a sustainable option," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 55(7), pages 719-729.
    6. Hosseini, Seyed Ehsan & Andwari, Amin Mahmoudzadeh & Wahid, Mazlan Abdul & Bagheri, Ghobad, 2013. "A review on green energy potentials in Iran," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 533-545.
    7. Kumaran, Palanisamy & Hephzibah, David & Sivasankari, Ranganathan & Saifuddin, Normanbay & Shamsuddin, Abd. Halim, 2016. "A review on industrial scale anaerobic digestion systems deployment in Malaysia: Opportunities and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 929-940.
    8. Mansor, Adila Maisyarah & Theo, Wai Lip & Lim, Jeng Shiun & Ani, Farid Nasir & Hashim, Haslenda & Ho, Wai Shin, 2018. "Potential commercialisation of biocoke production in Malaysia—A best evidence review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 636-649.
    9. Md Tanvir Alam & Se-Won Park & Sang-Yeop Lee & Yean-Ouk Jeong & Anthony De Girolamo & Yong-Chil Seo & Hang Seok Choi, 2020. "Co-Gasification of Treated Solid Recovered Fuel Residue by Using Minerals Bed and Biomass Waste Blends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-16, April.
    10. Munir, M.T. & Mohaddespour, Ahmad & Nasr, A.T. & Carter, Susan, 2021. "Municipal solid waste-to-energy processing for a circular economy in New Zealand," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    11. Oh, Tick Hui & Pang, Shen Yee & Chua, Shing Chyi, 2010. "Energy policy and alternative energy in Malaysia: Issues and challenges for sustainable growth," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(4), pages 1241-1252, May.
    12. Foo, K.Y., 2015. "A vision on the opportunities, policies and coping strategies for the energy security and green energy development in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 1477-1498.
    13. Komakech, A.J. & Sundberg, C. & Jönsson, H. & Vinnerås, B., 2015. "Life cycle assessment of biodegradable waste treatment systems for sub-Saharan African cities," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 100-110.
    14. Basri, Nor Afifah & Ramli, Ahmad Termizi & Aliyu, Abubakar Sadiq, 2015. "Malaysia energy strategy towards sustainability: A panoramic overview of the benefits and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1094-1105.
    15. Ashnani, Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi & Johari, Anwar & Hashim, Haslenda & Hasani, Elham, 2014. "A source of renewable energy in Malaysia, why biodiesel?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 244-257.
    16. Chua, Shing Chyi & Oh, Tick Hui & Goh, Wei Wei, 2011. "Feed-in tariff outlook in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 705-712, January.
    17. Fazeli, Alireza & Bakhtvar, Farzaneh & Jahanshaloo, Leila & Che Sidik, Nor Azwadi & Bayat, Ali Esfandyari, 2016. "Malaysia׳s stand on municipal solid waste conversion to energy: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1007-1016.
    18. Li, Y. & Zhou, L.W. & Wang, R.Z., 2017. "Urban biomass and methods of estimating municipal biomass resources," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1017-1030.
    19. Abdulyekeen, Kabir Abogunde & Umar, Ahmad Abulfathi & Patah, Muhamad Fazly Abdul & Daud, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan, 2021. "Torrefaction of biomass: Production of enhanced solid biofuel from municipal solid waste and other types of biomass," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    20. Hamzeh, Yahya & Ashori, Alireza & Mirzaei, Babak & Abdulkhani, Ali & Molaei, Masoumeh, 2011. "Current and potential capabilities of biomass for green energy in Iran," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4934-4938.
    21. Ahmad, Salsabila & Kadir, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab & Shafie, Suhaidi, 2011. "Current perspective of the renewable energy development in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 897-904, February.
    22. Tan, Sie Ting & Hashim, Haslenda & Lim, Jeng Shiun & Ho, Wai Shin & Lee, Chew Tin & Yan, Jinyue, 2014. "Energy and emissions benefits of renewable energy derived from municipal solid waste: Analysis of a low carbon scenario in Malaysia," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 797-804.
    23. Zhou, Hui & Meng, AiHong & Long, YanQiu & Li, QingHai & Zhang, YanGuo, 2014. "An overview of characteristics of municipal solid waste fuel in China: Physical, chemical composition and heating value," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 107-122.

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