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Source strength and dispersion of CO2 releases from high-pressure pipelines: CFD model using real gas equation of state

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  • Liu, Xiong
  • Godbole, Ajit
  • Lu, Cheng
  • Michal, Guillaume
  • Venton, Philip

Abstract

Transportation of CO2 in high-pressure pipelines forms a crucial link in the ever-increasing application of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies. An unplanned release of CO2 from a pipeline presents a risk to human and animal populations and the environment. Therefore it is very important to develop a deeper understanding of the atmospheric dispersion of CO2 before the deployment of CO2 pipelines, to allow the appropriate safety precautions to be taken. This paper presents a two-stage Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) study developed (1) to estimate the source strength, and (2) to simulate the subsequent dispersion of CO2 in the atmosphere, using the source strength estimated in stage (1). The Peng–Robinson (PR) EOS was incorporated into the CFD code. This enabled accurate modelling of the CO2 jet to achieve more precise source strength estimates. The two-stage simulation approach also resulted in a reduction in the overall computing time. The CFD models were validated against experimental results from the British Petroleum (BP) CO2 dispersion trials, and also against results produced by the risk management package Phast. Compared with the measurements, the CFD simulation results showed good agreement in both source strength and dispersion profile predictions. Furthermore, the effect of release direction on the dispersion was studied. The presented research provides a viable method for the assessment of risks associated with CCS.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Xiong & Godbole, Ajit & Lu, Cheng & Michal, Guillaume & Venton, Philip, 2014. "Source strength and dispersion of CO2 releases from high-pressure pipelines: CFD model using real gas equation of state," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 56-68.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:126:y:2014:i:c:p:56-68
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.03.073
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    1. Guo, Xiaolu & Yan, Xingqing & Yu, Jianliang & Zhang, Yongchun & Chen, Shaoyun & Mahgerefteh, Haroun & Martynov, Sergey & Collard, Alexander & Proust, Christophe, 2016. "Pressure response and phase transition in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 189-197.
    2. Peter Viebahn & Emile J. L. Chappin, 2018. "Scrutinising the Gap between the Expected and Actual Deployment of Carbon Capture and Storage—A Bibliometric Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-45, September.
    3. Elshahomi, Alhoush & Lu, Cheng & Michal, Guillaume & Liu, Xiong & Godbole, Ajit & Venton, Philip, 2015. "Decompression wave speed in CO2 mixtures: CFD modelling with the GERG-2008 equation of state," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 20-32.
    4. Teng, Lin & Li, Yuxing & Hu, Qihui & Zhang, Datong & Ye, Xiao & Gu, Shuaiwei & Wang, Cailin, 2018. "Experimental study of near-field structure and thermo-hydraulics of supercritical CO2 releases," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 806-814.
    5. Zhou, Mi & Ma, Shuhao & Zhang, Naiqiang, 2023. "Experimental investigation of LPG-releasing processes with varied damage sizes on a pressurized vessel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    6. Wu, Pengzhi & Liu, Changchun & Wen, Hu & Luo, Zhenmin & Fan, Shixing & Mi, Wansheng, 2023. "Experimental investigation of jet impingement during accidental release of liquid CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    7. Bin Liu & Xiong Liu & Cheng Lu & Ajit Godbole & Guillaume Michal & Anh Kiet Tieu, 2017. "Multi‐phase decompression modeling of CO 2 pipelines," Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 7(4), pages 665-679, August.
    8. Liu, Bin & Liu, Xiong & Lu, Cheng & Godbole, Ajit & Michal, Guillaume & Tieu, Anh Kiet, 2018. "A CFD decompression model for CO2 mixture and the influence of non-equilibrium phase transition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 516-524.
    9. Lin, Chih-Wei & Nazeri, Mahmoud & Bhattacharji, Ayan & Spicer, George & Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes, 2016. "Apparatus and method for calibrating a Coriolis mass flow meter for carbon dioxide at pressure and temperature conditions represented to CCS pipeline operations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 759-764.
    10. Chao Pu & Zhenjian Liu & Ge Pu, 2022. "On the Factors of Impact Pressure in Supercritical CO 2 Phase-Transition Blasting—A Numerical Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-15, November.
    11. Matteo Vitali & Cristina Zuliani & Francesco Corvaro & Barbara Marchetti & Alessandro Terenzi & Fabrizio Tallone, 2021. "Risks and Safety of CO 2 Transport via Pipeline: A Review of Risk Analysis and Modeling Approaches for Accidental Releases," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-17, July.
    12. Dall’Acqua, D. & Terenzi, A. & Leporini, M. & D’Alessandro, V. & Giacchetta, G. & Marchetti, B., 2017. "A new tool for modelling the decompression behaviour of CO2 with impurities using the Peng-Robinson equation of state," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 1432-1445.
    13. Shi, Jihao & Li, Junjie & Usmani, Asif Sohail & Zhu, Yuan & Chen, Guoming & Yang, Dongdong, 2021. "Probabilistic real-time deep-water natural gas hydrate dispersion modeling by using a novel hybrid deep learning approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(C).
    14. Hong, Bingyuan & Shao, Bowen & Guo, Jian & Fu, Jianzhong & Li, Cuicui & Zhu, Baikang, 2023. "Dynamic Bayesian network risk probability evolution for third-party damage of natural gas pipelines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    15. Guo, Xiaolu & Yan, Xingqing & Yu, Jianliang & Zhang, Yongchun & Chen, Shaoyun & Mahgerefteh, Haroun & Martynov, Sergey & Collard, Alexander & Proust, Christophe, 2016. "Under-expanded jets and dispersion in supercritical CO2 releases from a large-scale pipeline," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1279-1291.
    16. Jiang, Yiming & Pan, Xuhai & Cai, Qiong & Wang, Zhilei & Klymenko, Oleksiy V. & Hua, Min & Wang, Qingyuan & Zhang, Tao & Li, Yunyu & Jiang, Juncheng, 2022. "Physics and flame morphology of supersonic spontaneously combusting hydrogen spouting into air," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 959-972.
    17. Liu, Xiong & Godbole, Ajit & Lu, Cheng & Michal, Guillaume & Linton, Valerie, 2019. "Investigation of the consequence of high-pressure CO2 pipeline failure through experimental and numerical studies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 32-47.

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