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Toluene destruction in thermal stage of Claus reactor with oxygen enriched air

Author

Listed:
  • Ibrahim, S.
  • Al Shoaibi, A.
  • Gupta, A.K.

Abstract

Results are presented on the toluene destruction using oxygen enriched air as the oxidant with addition of defined amounts of H2S and toluene into H2/air flames under fuel-rich mixture conditions at equivalence ratio of Φ=3 (Claus condition). The oxygen enrichment allowed variation of temperature in the reactor and reduced nitrogen and total volumetric gas flow while maintaining the same equivalence ratio. The formation and destruction of hydrocarbons and other gas phase species during the combustion of H2S and C7H8 mixture are presented with oxygen enrichments (0%, 19.5% and 69.3% O2) to air. Toluene is often present in acid gas consisting of mainly H2S and CO2 so that combustion of H2S/C7H8 is of practical value. The formation of SO2 increased with oxygen enrichment to air. Increased oxygen in air reduced oxidation rate of H2 and increased H2S oxidation rate which enhanced faster rate of SO2 production to result in reduced formation of elemental sulfur. Addition of toluene to H2S reduced the rate of H2 oxidation and increased that of H2S. In contrast to the case of 100% H2S combustion, toluene favored faster increase in mole fractions of SO2 to a peak value but the formed SO2 decomposed with increased distance along the reactor. The decay of SO2 is attributed to the reactions between SO2 and other sulfur containing radicals or hydrocarbons formed (such as methane and acetylene) to produce elemental sulfur and carbon disulfide. Oxygen enrichment to the combustion air enhanced the rate of hydrocarbons decomposition which helped to reduce the amounts of CS2 formed. Formation of CS2 and hydrocarbons adversely impact the performance and efficiency of sulfur capture in a Claus process. These results assist in identifying conditions on the role of oxygen enrichment in designing compact Claus reactors.

Suggested Citation

  • Ibrahim, S. & Al Shoaibi, A. & Gupta, A.K., 2014. "Toluene destruction in thermal stage of Claus reactor with oxygen enriched air," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 1-8.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:115:y:2014:i:c:p:1-8
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.060
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Selim, H. & Gupta, A.K. & Al Shoaibi, A., 2012. "Effect of CO2 and N2 concentration in acid gas stream on H2S combustion," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 53-58.
    2. Selim, H. & Al Shoaibi, A. & Gupta, A.K., 2011. "Effect of H2S in methane/air flames on sulfur chemistry and products speciation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(8), pages 2593-2600, August.
    3. Selim, H. & Ibrahim, S. & Al Shoaibi, A. & Gupta, A.K., 2013. "Effect of oxygen enrichment on acid gas combustion in hydrogen/air flames under claus conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 119-124.
    4. Selim, H. & Ibrahim, S. & Al Shoaibi, A. & Gupta, A.K., 2014. "Investigation of sulfur chemistry with acid gas addition in hydrogen/air flames," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1134-1140.
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Yang & Yu, Xinlei & Li, Hongjun & Guo, Qinghua & Dai, Zhenghua & Yu, Guangsuo & Wang, Fuchen, 2017. "Detailed kinetic modeling of homogeneous H2S-CH4 oxidation under ultra-rich condition for H2 production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 905-919.
    2. Li, Yang & Guo, Qinghua & Yu, Xinlei & Dai, Zhenghua & Wang, Yifei & Yu, Guangsuo & Wang, Fuchen, 2017. "Effect of O2 enrichment on acid gas oxidation and formation of COS and CS2 in a rich diffusion flame," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 947-958.
    3. Nabgan, Walid & Tuan Abdullah, Tuan Amran & Mat, Ramli & Nabgan, Bahador & Gambo, Yahya & Ibrahim, Maryam & Ahmad, Arshad & Jalil, Aishah Abdul & Triwahyono, Sugeng & Saeh, Ibrahim, 2017. "Renewable hydrogen production from bio-oil derivative via catalytic steam reforming: An overview," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 347-357.
    4. Jia, Guorui & Wang, Hu & Tong, Laihui & Wang, Xiaofeng & Zheng, Zunqing & Yao, Mingfa, 2017. "Experimental and numerical studies on three gasoline surrogates applied in gasoline compression ignition (GCI) mode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 59-70.
    5. Ibrahim, S. & Al Shoaibi, A. & Gupta, A.K., 2015. "Role of toluene to acid gas (H2S and CO2) combustion in H2/O2–N2 flame under Claus condition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 62-68.
    6. Ibrahim, S. & Gupta, A.K. & Al Shoaibi, A., 2015. "Xylene and H2S destruction in high temperature flames under Claus condition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 352-360.
    7. Li, Yang & Yu, Xinlei & Li, Hongjun & Guo, Qinghua & Dai, Zhenghua & Yu, Guangsuo & Wang, Fuchen, 2017. "Detailed kinetic modelling of H2S oxidation with presence of CO2 under rich condition," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 824-834.

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