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Numerical simulations of carbon monoxide poisoning in high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells with various flow channel designs

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  • Jiao, Kui
  • Zhou, Yibo
  • Du, Qing
  • Yin, Yan
  • Yu, Shuhai
  • Li, Xianguo

Abstract

The performance of high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) is significantly affected by the carbon monoxide (CO) in hydrogen fuel, and the flow channel design may influence the CO poisoning characteristics by changing the reactant flow. In this study, three-dimensional non-isothermal simulations are carried out to investigate the comprehensive flow channel design and CO poisoning effects on the performance of HT-PEMFCs. The numerical results show that when pure hydrogen is supplied, the interdigitated design produces the highest power output, the power output with serpentine design is higher than the two parallel designs, and the parallel-Z and parallel-U designs have similar power outputs. The performance degradation caused by CO poisoning is the least significant with parallel flow channel design, but the most significant with serpentine and interdigitated designs because the cross flow through the electrode is stronger. At low cell voltages (high current densities), the highest power outputs are with interdigitated and parallel flow channel designs at low and high CO fractions in the supplied hydrogen, respectively. The general distributions of absorbed hydrogen and CO coverage fractions in anode catalyst layer (CL) are similar for the different flow channel designs. The hydrogen coverage fraction is higher under the channel than under the land, and is also higher on the gas diffusion layer (GDL) side than on the membrane side; and the CO coverage distribution is opposite to the hydrogen coverage distribution.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiao, Kui & Zhou, Yibo & Du, Qing & Yin, Yan & Yu, Shuhai & Li, Xianguo, 2013. "Numerical simulations of carbon monoxide poisoning in high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells with various flow channel designs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 21-41.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:104:y:2013:i:c:p:21-41
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.10.059
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. J.J. Baschuk & Xianguo Li, 2003. "Mathematical model of a PEM fuel cell incorporating CO poisoning and O 2 (air) bleeding," International Journal of Global Energy Issues, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 20(3), pages 245-276.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wu, Qixing & Li, Haiyang & Yuan, Wenxiang & Luo, Zhongkuan & Wang, Fang & Sun, Hongyuan & Zhao, Xuxin & Fu, Huide, 2015. "Performance evaluation of an air-breathing high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 146-152.
    2. Samsun, Remzi Can & Pasel, Joachim & Janßen, Holger & Lehnert, Werner & Peters, Ralf & Stolten, Detlef, 2014. "Design and test of a 5kWe high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell system operated with diesel and kerosene," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 238-249.
    3. Xu, Jiawei & Xiao, Shengying & Xu, Xinrui & Xu, Xinhai, 2022. "Numerical study of carbon monoxide poisoning effect on high temperature PEMFCs based on an elementary reaction kinetics coupled electrochemical reaction model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    4. Zhang, S. & Reimer, U. & Beale, S.B. & Lehnert, W. & Stolten, D., 2019. "Modeling polymer electrolyte fuel cells: A high precision analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 1094-1103.
    5. Ong, Samuel & Al-Othman, Amani & Tawalbeh, Muhammad, 2023. "Emerging technologies in prognostics for fuel cells including direct hydrocarbon fuel cells," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    6. Abdul Rasheed, Raj Kamal & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2015. "Transient carbon monoxide poisoning kinetics during warm-up period of a high-temperature PEMFC – Physical model and parametric study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 44-51.
    7. Pei, Pucheng & Chen, Huicui, 2014. "Main factors affecting the lifetime of Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cells in vehicle applications: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 60-75.
    8. Li, Yan & Shi, Yan & Mehio, Nada & Tan, Mingsheng & Wang, Zhiyong & Hu, Xiaohong & Chen, George Z. & Dai, Sheng & Jin, Xianbo, 2016. "More sustainable electricity generation in hot and dry fuel cells with a novel hybrid membrane of Nafion/nano-silica/hydroxyl ionic liquid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 451-458.
    9. Thomas, Sobi & Vang, Jakob Rabjerg & Araya, Samuel Simon & Kær, Søren Knudsen, 2017. "Experimental study to distinguish the effects of methanol slip and water vapour on a high temperature PEM fuel cell at different operating conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 422-436.
    10. Zhang, Jun & Zhang, Caizhi & Li, Jin & Deng, Bo & Fan, Min & Ni, Meng & Mao, Zhanxin & Yuan, Honggeng, 2021. "Multi-perspective analysis of CO poisoning in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack via numerical investigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 313-328.
    11. Hou, Yuze & Deng, Hao & Pan, Fengwen & Chen, Wenmiao & Du, Qing & Jiao, Kui, 2019. "Pore-scale investigation of catalyst layer ingredient and structure effect in proton exchange membrane fuel cell," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    12. Thomas, Sobi & Bates, Alex & Park, Sam & Sahu, A.K. & Lee, Sang C. & Son, Byung Rak & Kim, Joo Gon & Lee, Dong-Ha, 2016. "An experimental and simulation study of novel channel designs for open-cathode high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 765-776.
    13. Cho, Junhyun & Park, Jaeman & Oh, Hwanyeong & Min, Kyoungdoug & Lee, Eunsook & Jyoung, Jy-Young, 2013. "Analysis of the transient response and durability characteristics of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with different micro-porous layer penetration thicknesses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 300-309.

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