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Effects of irrigation strategies and soils on field grown potatoes: Root distribution

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  • Ahmadi, Seyed Hamid
  • Plauborg, Finn
  • Andersen, Mathias N.
  • Sepaskhah, Ali Reza
  • Jensen, Christian R.
  • Hansen, Søren

Abstract

Root distribution of field grown potatoes (cv. Folva) was studied in 4.32 m2 lysimeters and subjected to full (FI), deficit (DI), and partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation strategies. Drip irrigation was applied for all irrigations. Irrigations were run in three different soils: coarse sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam. Irrigation treatments started after tuber bulking and lasted until final harvest with PRD and DI receiving 65% of FI. Potatoes irrigated with water-saving irrigation techniques (PRD and DI) did not show statistically different dry root mass and root length density (RLD, cm root per cm3 soil) compared with root development in fully irrigated (FI) potatoes. Highest RLD existed in the top 30-40 cm of the ridge below which it decreased sharply. The RLD was distributed homogenously along the ridge and furrow but heterogeneously across the ridge and furrow with highest root density in the furrow. Most roots accumulated in the surface layers of coarse sand as compared to the other soil types. In the deep soil profile (30-70 cm) a higher root density was found in loamy sand compared with the sandy loam and coarse sand. Approximately twice the amounts of roots were found below the furrows compared with the corresponding layers below the ridges. The RLD values in the soil profile of the ridges and the furrows followed the Gerwitz and Page model: RLD = [alpha] x exp(-[beta] x z). The highest value of surface root density ([alpha]) and rate of change in density ([beta]) was found in coarse sand while the lowest values of [alpha] and [beta] were found in the sandy loam and loamy sand. The model estimated the effective rooting depth in coarse sand and sandy loam quite well but did slightly overestimate it in the loamy sand. Statistical analysis showed that one [alpha] and [beta] value can be used for each soil irrespective of the irrigation treatment. Thus, the effective rooting depths corresponding to root length densities of 0.1 and 0.25 cm cm-3 for sandy loam, loamy sand, and coarse sand soils were 99, 141, and 94 cm, and 80, 115, and 78 cm, respectively, calculated from top of the ridge. The findings of this study can be used in practice for efficient use of water and nutrients in the field.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmadi, Seyed Hamid & Plauborg, Finn & Andersen, Mathias N. & Sepaskhah, Ali Reza & Jensen, Christian R. & Hansen, Søren, 2011. "Effects of irrigation strategies and soils on field grown potatoes: Root distribution," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(8), pages 1280-1290, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:98:y:2011:i:8:p:1280-1290
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ahmadi, Seyed Hamid & Andersen, Mathias N. & Plauborg, Finn & Poulsen, Rolf T. & Jensen, Christian R. & Sepaskhah, Ali Reza & Hansen, Søren, 2010. "Effects of irrigation strategies and soils on field grown potatoes: Yield and water productivity," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(11), pages 1923-1930, November.
    2. Wang, Feng-Xin & Kang, Yaohu & Liu, Shi-Ping, 2006. "Effects of drip irrigation frequency on soil wetting pattern and potato growth in North China Plain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 79(3), pages 248-264, February.
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    5. Izzi, G. & Farahani, H.J. & Bruggeman, A. & Oweis, T.Y., 2008. "In-season wheat root growth and soil water extraction in the Mediterranean environment of northern Syria," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(3), pages 259-270, March.
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    3. Liu, Caixia & Rubæk, Gitte H. & Liu, Fulai & Andersen, Mathias N., 2015. "Effect of partial root zone drying and deficit irrigation on nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in potato," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 66-76.
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    6. Reyes-Cabrera, Joel & Zotarelli, Lincoln & Dukes, Michael D. & Rowland, Diane L. & Sargent, Steven A., 2016. "Soil moisture distribution under drip irrigation and seepage for potato production," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 183-192.
    7. Koffi Djaman & Suat Irmak & Komlan Koudahe & Samuel Allen, 2021. "Irrigation Management in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) Production: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, February.
    8. Zhang, Shaohui & Fan, Junliang & Zhang, Fucang & Wang, Haidong & Yang, Ling & Sun, Xin & Cheng, Minghui & Cheng, Houliang & Li, Zhijun, 2022. "Optimizing irrigation amount and potassium rate to simultaneously improve tuber yield, water productivity and plant potassium accumulation of drip-fertigated potato in northwest China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    9. Razzaghi, Fatemeh & Plauborg, Finn & Jacobsen, Sven-Erik & Jensen, Christian Richardt & Andersen, Mathias Neumann, 2012. "Effect of nitrogen and water availability of three soil types on yield, radiation use efficiency and evapotranspiration in field-grown quinoa," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 20-29.
    10. Rens, Libby R. & Zotarelli, Lincoln & Ribeiro da Silva, Andre Luiz Biscaia & Ferreira, Camila J.B. & Tormena, Cássio A. & Rowland, Diane L. & Morgan, Kelly T., 2022. "Managing water table depth thresholds for potato subirrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    11. Domínguez, A. & de Juan, J.A. & Tarjuelo, J.M. & Martínez, R.S. & Martínez-Romero, A., 2012. "Determination of optimal regulated deficit irrigation strategies for maize in a semi-arid environment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 67-77.
    12. Li, S.X. & Wang, Z.H. & Li, S.Q. & Gao, Y.J., 2015. "Effect of nitrogen fertilization under plastic mulched and non-plastic mulched conditions on water use by maize plants in dryland areas of China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 15-32.
    13. Ahmadi, Seyed Hamid & Solgi, Shahin & Sepaskhah, Ali Reza, 2019. "Quinoa: A super or pseudo-super crop? Evidences from evapotranspiration, root growth, crop coefficients, and water productivity in a hot and semi-arid area under three planting densities," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    14. Ahmadi, Seyed Hamid & Agharezaee, Mohammad & Kamgar-Haghighi, Ali Akbar & Sepaskhah, Ali Reza, 2014. "Effects of dynamic and static deficit and partial root zone drying irrigation strategies on yield, tuber sizes distribution, and water productivity of two field grown potato cultivars," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 126-136.

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