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Assessing water management effects on spring wheat yield in the Canadian Prairies using DSSAT wheat models

Author

Listed:
  • Jing, Qi
  • McConkey, Brian
  • Qian, Budong
  • Smith, Ward
  • Grant, Brian
  • Shang, Jiali
  • Liu, Jiangui
  • Bindraban, Prem
  • Luce, Mervin St.

Abstract

Canada is one of the top wheat grain exporters, with a share of more than 10% in the world wheat market. The majority of Canadian wheat production takes place in the Prairies where 6.2 million ha of the area is seeded to spring wheat. The climate is semiarid with an estimated precipitation deficit of about 300 mm during the crop growing season, indicating that water is the primary limiting factor for crop production. In this study, three DSSAT-Wheat models (CSM-CERES, -CROPSIM, -NWHEAT) were used to quantify the impacts of water management practices on crop water stress and wheat yields. The models were evaluated individually and as an ensemble against observed wheat performance using three field experiments conducted to investigate irrigation, rainfed, and summer fallow impacts on wheat yields. The results showed that all three wheat models well simulated grain yield gains with irrigation and summer fallow that conserved additional soil water. Statistically, the multimodel ensemble improved the accuracy in simulating grain yields and biomass of spring wheat under both irrigated and rainfed conditions. The improvements could not be linked to eco-physiological processes in crop systems, and the increased simulation accuracy was likely due to the offsetting effects of simulation bias and errors from the individual models. Water input (precipitation + irrigation) of 400 mm was sufficient to reach the highest yield of spring wheat cultivars in the Canadian Prairies. Irrigation of 200 mm was able to alleviate most of the crop water stress in the study region. Further simulation scenarios showed that irrigating spring wheat when soil moisture was below 50% of available water capacity (AWC) for plants led to high yield, low irrigation rates, and reduced evaporation for different soil textures. Combined with improved drought tolerance varieties, this irrigation regime provides good prospects for increasing wheat yield and water use efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing, Qi & McConkey, Brian & Qian, Budong & Smith, Ward & Grant, Brian & Shang, Jiali & Liu, Jiangui & Bindraban, Prem & Luce, Mervin St., 2021. "Assessing water management effects on spring wheat yield in the Canadian Prairies using DSSAT wheat models," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:244:y:2021:i:c:s0378377420321387
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106591
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gan, Y. & Campbell, C.A. & Liu, L. & Basnyat, P. & McDonald, C.L., 2009. "Water use and distribution profile under pulse and oilseed crops in semiarid northern high latitude areas," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(2), pages 337-348, February.
    2. van Keulen, H., 1982. "Graphical analysis of annual crop response to fertiliser application," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 9(2), pages 113-126, September.
    3. Yin, Xiaogang & Kersebaum, Kurt Christian & Kollas, Chris & Manevski, Kiril & Baby, Sanmohan & Beaudoin, Nicolas & Öztürk, Isik & Gaiser, Thomas & Wu, Lianhai & Hoffmann, Munir & Charfeddine, Monia & , 2017. "Performance of process-based models for simulation of grain N in crop rotations across Europe," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 63-77.
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    1. Shen, Hongzheng & Wang, Yue & Jiang, Kongtao & Li, Shilei & Huang, Donghua & Wu, Jiujiang & Wang, Yongqiang & Wang, Yangren & Ma, Xiaoyi, 2022. "Simulation modeling for effective management of irrigation water for winter wheat," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    2. Kalli, Rajesh & Jena, Pradyot Ranjan & Timilsina, Raja Rajendra & Rahut, Dil Bahadur & Sonobe, Tetsushi, 2024. "Effect of irrigation on farm efficiency in tribal villages of Eastern India," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 291(C).
    3. Devkota, Mina & Devkota, Krishna Prasad & Kumar, Shiv, 2022. "Conservation agriculture improves agronomic, economic, and soil fertility indicators for a clay soil in a rainfed Mediterranean climate in Morocco," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 201(C).

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