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Water productivity in soybean following a cover crop in a humid environment

Author

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  • Alfonso, C.
  • Barbieri, P.A.
  • Hernández, M.D.
  • Lewczuk, N.A
  • Martínez, J.P.
  • Echarte, M.M.
  • Echarte, L.

Abstract

We evaluated the influence of the termination dates of a winter cover crop on (i) soil water availability during soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr)) growing season, (ii) soybean evapotranspiration (ET) and iii) water productivity in soybean (WP = Grain yield/ET) in a humid environment (i.e., 50 % of years with annual rainfall ≥900 mm). Experiments were carried out at Balcarce, Argentina during two growing seasons. Treatments included (i) soybean monoculture, (ii) soybean following a cover crop with an early termination date, and (iii) soybean following a cover crop with a delayed termination date (∼25 days later than the early one). Oat (Avena sativa L.) was used as a cover crop. Soil water content was measured with a neutron probe from cover crop sowing to soybean physiological maturity, and soybean ET was calculated by means of a soil water balance. Cover crop shoot biomass was determined immediately before termination dates and soybean grain yield was quantified at physiological maturity. Cover crops reduced soil available water (SAW) at cover crops termination date from 18 to 23 mm at early and delayed termination dates, respectively; and reductions were mostly evident in the upper 40 cm of the soil profile. Termination delays of around 25 days increased 60 % cover crops shoot biomass production, and promoted larger SAW reductions at termination date. However, cover crops had little impact on SAW during soybean growing season and they did not influence soybean grain yield. Moreover, our findings evidenced that in this humid environment (i) soybean ET was reduced between 12 and 17 mm following a cover crop, (ii) larger soybean ET reductions were associated with larger cover crops shoot biomass production, and (iii) WP in soybean was slightly improved (4–10%) by the inclusion of a cover crop.

Suggested Citation

  • Alfonso, C. & Barbieri, P.A. & Hernández, M.D. & Lewczuk, N.A & Martínez, J.P. & Echarte, M.M. & Echarte, L., 2020. "Water productivity in soybean following a cover crop in a humid environment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:232:y:2020:i:c:s0378377419309345
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106045
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    1. Molden, David & Oweis, Theib & Steduto, Pasquale & Bindraban, Prem & Hanjra, Munir A. & Kijne, Jacob, 2010. "Improving agricultural water productivity: Between optimism and caution," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(4), pages 528-535, April.
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    4. Akhtar, Kashif & Wang, Weiyu & Khan, Ahmad & Ren, Guangxin & Afridi, Muhammad Zahir & Feng, Yongzhong & Yang, Gaihe, 2019. "Wheat straw mulching offset soil moisture deficient for improving physiological and growth performance of summer sown soybean," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 16-25.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Schomberg, Harry H. & White, Kathryn E. & Thompson, Alondra I. & Bagley, Gwendolyn A. & Burke, Allen & Garst, Grace & Bybee-Finley, K. Ann & Mirsky, Steven B., 2023. "Interseeded cover crop mixtures influence soil water storage during the corn phase of corn-soybean-wheat no-till cropping systems," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    3. Hernández, M.D. & Alfonso, C. & Echarte, M.M. & Cerrudo, A. & Echarte, L., 2021. "Maize transpiration efficiency increases with N supply or higher plant densities," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    4. Valentina Quintarelli & Emanuele Radicetti & Enrica Allevato & Silvia Rita Stazi & Ghulam Haider & Zainul Abideen & Safia Bibi & Aftab Jamal & Roberto Mancinelli, 2022. "Cover Crops for Sustainable Cropping Systems: A Review," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-21, December.

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