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Controlling tile drainage during the growing season in Eastern Canada to reduce nitrogen, phosphorus, and bacteria loading to surface water

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  • Sunohara, Mark D.
  • Gottschall, Natalie
  • Craiovan, Emilia
  • Wilkes, Graham
  • Topp, Edward
  • Frey, Steven K.
  • Lapen, David R.

Abstract

Drainage water management such as controlled tile drainage (CTD) is one means to help meet pollution mitigation targets and boost crop yields. In this study, CTD was retrofit to existing tile drained fields in eastern Ontario, Canada (humid continental climate) to study water quality benefits. A suite of paired field systems were used to compare CTD tile drainage quality with conventional tile drainage quality for nine growing seasons (2005–2013), translating to 35 field-crop years. Field crops were corn, soybean and forage. For CTD fields, controlled tile drainage was employed only during the growing season (time period when comparisons were made) due to surface runoff/erosion and growing season length concerns associated with non-growing season flow control. Water quality targets in tile effluent included: nitrate, ammonium, total phosphorus, dissolved reactive phosphorus, and fecal indicator bacteria such as E. coli, and Enterococci. Respectively, there were 60, 51, 58, 66, 66, 76, and 25% reductions in above noted drainage water fluxes and water quality targets as a result of CTD (for all 35 field-crop years combined). Concurrent environmental and potential public health benefits of managing tile drainage during the growing season were demonstrated; moreover, over the course of the study, corn and soybean yields were significantly boosted by CTD.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunohara, Mark D. & Gottschall, Natalie & Craiovan, Emilia & Wilkes, Graham & Topp, Edward & Frey, Steven K. & Lapen, David R., 2016. "Controlling tile drainage during the growing season in Eastern Canada to reduce nitrogen, phosphorus, and bacteria loading to surface water," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 159-170.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:178:y:2016:i:c:p:159-170
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2016.08.030
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. El-Ghannam, Mohamed K. & Aiad, Mahmoud. A. & Abdallah, Ahmed M., 2021. "Irrigation efficiency, drain outflow and yield responses to drain depth in the Nile delta clay soil, Egypt," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
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    6. King, K.W. & Hanrahan, B.R. & Stinner, J. & Shedekar, V.S., 2022. "Field scale discharge and water quality response, to drainage water management," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    7. Wang, Zhiyu & Shao, Guangcheng & Lu, Jia & Zhang, Kun & Gao, Yang & Ding, Jihui, 2020. "Effects of controlled drainage on crop yield, drainage water quantity and quality: A meta-analysis," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
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    9. Van Zandvoort, Alisha & Clark, Ian D. & Flemming, Corey & Craiovan, Emilia & Sunohara, Mark D. & Gottschall, Natalie & Boutz, Ronda & Lapen, David R., 2017. "Using 13C isotopic analysis to assess soil carbon pools associated with tile drainage management during drier and wetter growing seasons," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 232-243.
    10. Shokrana, Md Sami Bin & Ghane, Ehsan & Abdalaal, Yousef & Nejadhashemi, A. Pouyan, 2023. "Predicting the effect of weir management on the discharge of a controlled drainage system in a changing climate," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    11. Wu, Bingfang & Ma, Zonghan & Boken, Vijendra K. & Zeng, Hongwei & Shang, Jiali & Igor, Savin & Wang, Jinxia & Yan, Nana, 2022. "Regional differences in the performance of drought mitigation measures in 12 major wheat-growing regions of the world," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    12. Jiang, Qianjing & Qi, Zhiming & Lu, Cheng & Tan, Chin S. & Zhang, Tiequan & Prasher, Shiv O., 2020. "Evaluating RZ-SHAW model for simulating surface runoff and subsurface tile drainage under regular and controlled drainage with subirrigation in southern Ontario," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    13. Sławomir Bajkowski & Janusz Urbański & Ryszard Oleszczuk & Piotr Siwicki & Andrzej Brandyk & Zbigniew Popek, 2022. "Modular Regulators of Water Level in Ditches of Subirrigation Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-17, March.
    14. Lilian Ding & Qiyao Li & Jianjun Tang & Jiangfei Wang & Xin Chen, 2019. "Linking Land Use Metrics Measured in Aquatic–Terrestrial Interfaces to Water Quality of Reservoir-Based Water Sources in Eastern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-17, September.

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