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Effects of CO2 elevation and irrigation regimes on leaf gas exchange, plant water relations, and water use efficiency of two tomato cultivars

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  • Pazzagli, Pietro T.
  • Weiner, Jacob
  • Liu, Fulai

Abstract

We investigated the effects of elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]), different irrigation regimes, and their interactions on leaf gas exchange, water relations, biomass production, and water use efficiency in tomato plants. In spring 2014, two tomato cultivars (CV1, which is potentially drought tolerant, and CV2 which is potentially heat tolerant) were grown in two separate greenhouse cells at [CO2] of 380 and 590μmolL−1 (ppm) located at the experimental farm, Taastrup, Denmark. Plants were either irrigated to 18% of volumetric soil water content (FI, full irrigation), or irrigated with 70% water of the fully-irrigated control, delivered to either the whole pot (DI, deficit irrigation) or alternately to only half of the pot (PRD, partial root-zone drying). The experiment was a completed factorial design with four replications per treatment. The two cultivars showed a similar response to soil water deficits, but their water consumption responded differently to high [CO2]. Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi, photosynthetic rate/stomatal conductance) and plant water use efficiency (WUEp, aboveground biomass/plant water use) were both significantly increased by reduced irrigation treatments and elevated [CO2], although no significant reduction of stomatal conductance was detected under high [CO2]. There was a positive interaction between CO2 enrichment and water deficits on plant water use efficiency. Root water potential was negetatively affected by reduced irrigation but positively influenced by elevated [CO2], while leaf water potential was significantly decreased only by reduced irrigation. CO2 enrichment increased flower number without affecting fruit number, thereby reducing fruit set. Reduced irrigation in combination with elevated [CO2] caused a significant improvement in plant water use efficiency in both tomato cultivars.

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  • Pazzagli, Pietro T. & Weiner, Jacob & Liu, Fulai, 2016. "Effects of CO2 elevation and irrigation regimes on leaf gas exchange, plant water relations, and water use efficiency of two tomato cultivars," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 26-33.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:169:y:2016:i:c:p:26-33
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2016.02.015
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    2. Wei, Zhenhua & Abdelhakim, Lamis Osama Anwar & Fang, Liang & Peng, Xiaoying & Liu, Jie & Liu, Fulai, 2022. "Elevated CO2 effect on the response of stomatal control and water use efficiency in amaranth and maize plants to progressive drought stress," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    3. Ved Parkash & Sukhbir Singh, 2020. "A Review on Potential Plant-Based Water Stress Indicators for Vegetable Crops," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-28, May.
    4. Wei, Zhenhua & Du, Taisheng & Li, Xiangnan & Fang, Liang & Liu, Fulai, 2018. "Interactive effects of CO2 concentration elevation and nitrogen fertilization on water and nitrogen use efficiency of tomato grown under reduced irrigation regimes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 174-182.
    5. Zhang, Dalong & Jiao, Xiaocong & Du, Qingjie & Song, Xiaoming & Li, Jianming, 2018. "Reducing the excessive evaporative demand improved photosynthesis capacity at low costs of irrigation via regulating water driving force and moderating plant water stress of two tomato cultivars," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 22-33.
    6. Yang, Xin & Zhang, Peng & Wei, Zhenhua & Liu, Jie & Hu, Xiaotao & Liu, Fulai, 2020. "Effects of CO2 fertilization on tomato fruit quality under reduced irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    7. Li, Li & Wang, Yaosheng & Liu, Fulai, 2021. "Alternate partial root-zone N-fertigation increases water use efficiency and N uptake of barley at elevated CO2," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    8. Theodora Karanisa & Yasmine Achour & Ahmed Ouammi & Sami Sayadi, 2022. "Smart greenhouses as the path towards precision agriculture in the food-energy and water nexus: case study of Qatar," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 42(4), pages 521-546, December.
    9. Guo, Lili & Bornø, Marie Louise & Niu, Wenquan & Liu, Fulai, 2021. "Biochar amendment improves shoot biomass of tomato seedlings and sustains water relations and leaf gas exchange rates under different irrigation and nitrogen regimes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    10. Wei, Zhenhua & Fang, Liang & Li, Xiangnan & Liu, Jie & Liu, Fulai, 2021. "Endogenous ABA level modulates the effects of CO2 elevation and soil water deficit on growth, water and nitrogen use efficiencies in barley and tomato plants," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    11. Rashid, Muhammad Adil & Zhang, Xiying & Andersen, Mathias Neumann & Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, 2019. "Can mulching of maize straw complement deficit irrigation to improve water use efficiency and productivity of winter wheat in North China Plain?," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 213(C), pages 1-11.
    12. Esmaili, Maryam & Aliniaeifard, Sasan & Mashal, Mahmoud & Vakilian, Keyvan Asefpour & Ghorbanzadeh, Parisa & Azadegan, Behzad & Seif, Mehdi & Didaran, Fardad, 2021. "Assessment of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to predict production and water productivity of lettuce in response to different light intensities and CO2 concentrations," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    13. da Silva Leite, Romeu & do Nascimento, Marilza Neves & Tanan, Tamara Torres & Gonçalves Neto, Lourival Palmeira & da Silva Ramos, Cristiane Amaral & da Silva, Alismário Leite, 2019. "Alleviation of water deficit in Physalis angulata plants by nitric oxide exogenous donor," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 98-104.

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