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Effects of the shallow water table on water use of winter wheat and ecosystem health: Implications for unlocking the potential of groundwater in the Fergana Valley (Central Asia)

Author

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  • Karimov, Akmal Kh.
  • Šimůnek, Jirka
  • Hanjra, Munir A.
  • Avliyakulov, Mirzaolim
  • Forkutsa, Irina

Abstract

This paper analyzes the effect of the shallow water table on water use of the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that has replaced alfalfa (Medicago sativa) on the irrigated lands of the Fergana Valley, upstream of the Syrdarya River, in Central Asia. The effect of the shallow water table is investigated using HYDRUS-1D. Numerical simulations show that the contribution of the groundwater to evapotranspiration increases with a rising water table and decreases with increasing irrigation applications. Under irrigation conditions, an increase in the groundwater evapotranspiration is associated mainly with an increase in evaporation loss, causing a buildup of salinity in the crop root zone. Evaporation losses from fields planted with winter wheat after the harvest amount up to 45–47% of total evaporation thus affecting soil salinity and ecosystem health. Promoting the use of groundwater for irrigation in order to lower the groundwater table is suggested to achieve water savings from the change in the cropping pattern. Unlocking the potential of groundwater for irrigation in the Fergana Valley can also contribute toward managing soil salinity and improving the health and resilience of water, land and ecosystems of water, land and ecosystems (WLE).

Suggested Citation

  • Karimov, Akmal Kh. & Šimůnek, Jirka & Hanjra, Munir A. & Avliyakulov, Mirzaolim & Forkutsa, Irina, 2014. "Effects of the shallow water table on water use of winter wheat and ecosystem health: Implications for unlocking the potential of groundwater in the Fergana Valley (Central Asia)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 57-69.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:131:y:2014:i:c:p:57-69
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2013.09.010
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    12. Liu, Meihan & Paredes, Paula & Shi, Haibin & Ramos, Tiago B. & Dou, Xu & Dai, Liping & Pereira, Luis S., 2022. "Impacts of a shallow saline water table on maize evapotranspiration and groundwater contribution using static water table lysimeters and the dual Kc water balance model SIMDualKc," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    13. Dietrich, Ottfried & Fahle, Marcus & Seyfarth, Manfred, 2016. "Behavior of water balance components at sites with shallow groundwater tables: Possibilities and limitations of their simulation using different ways to control weighable groundwater lysimeters," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 75-89.
    14. Rong, Yao & Dai, Xiaoqin & Wang, Weishu & Wu, Peijin & Huo, Zailin, 2023. "Dependence of evapotranspiration validity on shallow groundwater in arid area-a three years field observation experiment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 286(C).
    15. Gao, Xiaoyu & Bai, Yining & Huo, Zailin & Xu, Xu & Huang, Guanhua & Xia, Yuhong & Steenhuis, Tammo S., 2017. "Deficit irrigation enhances contribution of shallow groundwater to crop water consumption in arid area," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 116-125.
    16. Mirzabaev, Alisher & Strokov, Anton & Krasilnikov, Pavel, 2023. "The impact of land degradation on agricultural profits and implications for poverty reduction in Central Asia," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    17. Mao, Wei & Zhu, Yan & Wu, Jingwei & Ye, Ming & Yang, Jinzhong, 2022. "Evaluation of effects of limited irrigation on regional-scale water movement and salt accumulation in arid agricultural areas," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
    18. Ibrakhimov, Mirzakhayot & Awan, Usman Khalid & George, Biju & Liaqat, Umar Waqas, 2018. "Understanding surface water–groundwater interactions for managing large irrigation schemes in the multi-country Fergana valley, Central Asia," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 201(C), pages 99-106.
    19. Gao, Xiaoyu & Huo, Zailin & Xu, Xu & Qu, Zhongyi & Huang, Guanhua & Tang, Pengcheng & Bai, Yining, 2018. "Shallow groundwater plays an important role in enhancing irrigation water productivity in an arid area: The perspective from a regional agricultural hydrology simulation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 43-58.
    20. Guoshuai Wang & Bing Xu & Pengcheng Tang & Haibin Shi & Delong Tian & Chen Zhang & Jie Ren & Zekun Li, 2022. "Modeling and Evaluating Soil Salt and Water Transport in a Cultivated Land–Wasteland–Lake System of Hetao, Yellow River Basin’s Upper Reaches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-23, November.
    21. Benedykt Pepliński, 2021. "External Costs for Agriculture from Lignite Extraction from the Złoczew Deposit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-27, May.
    22. Chen, Shuai & Mao, Xiaomin & Shang, Songhao, 2022. "Response and contribution of shallow groundwater to soil water/salt budget and crop growth in layered soils," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    23. Lai, Jianbin & Liu, Tiegang & Luo, Yi, 2022. "Evapotranspiration partitioning for winter wheat with shallow groundwater in the lower reach of the Yellow River Basin," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).

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