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Characteristics of fine root system and water uptake in a triploid Populus tomentosa plantation in the North China Plain: Implications for irrigation water management

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  • Xi, Benye
  • Wang, Ye
  • Jia, Liming
  • Bloomberg, Mark
  • Li, Guangde
  • Di, Nan

Abstract

The form and water uptake characteristics of the fine root system in a 5-year-old triploid Populus tomentosa plantation were investigated to make recommendations related to irrigation water management for P. tomentosa plantation. Fine roots for analysis were collected from 2106 soil cores taken around eight trees. Soil moisture, trunk sap flow and evaporation were measured concurrently for four months in two experimental plots using time-domain reflectometry, thermal dissipation sensors and micro-lysimeters, respectively. Nearly half (44%) of fine roots corresponded to 0.2–0.5mm diameter. Generally, lateral root distribution was even, however, the vertical root profile showed an unusual pattern (nearly an ‘S’ shape). Dense fine roots occurred in surface soil and nearly one third (28%) of total fine roots occurred below 100cm depth, indicating the plantation had developed a dimorphic root system. With increasing distance from the tree, root distribution tended to be shallower. Mean fine root diameter was significantly larger (P<0.05) below 120cm, probably due to soil texture change or/and anoxia. Root water uptake in the 0–20cm layer contributed 58% of that within the 0–90cm soil layer, suggesting surface roots played the major water uptake role in shallow soil (<90cm). On average, P. tomentosa extracted 57% of transpired water from deep soil (>90cm), implying deep roots can contribute significantly to the water relations of mature P. tomentosa plantations. This functional significance of deep roots might be determined by their high length density and relatively large diameter. Based on these results, three irrigation management strategies were recommended: (1) irrigation schedules should be devised based on periodic measurement of the depth to water table; (2) water should be mainly provided to and maintained in the surface 40cm soil; and (3) water should be applied to the zone within 1m from the tree.

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  • Xi, Benye & Wang, Ye & Jia, Liming & Bloomberg, Mark & Li, Guangde & Di, Nan, 2013. "Characteristics of fine root system and water uptake in a triploid Populus tomentosa plantation in the North China Plain: Implications for irrigation water management," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 83-92.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:117:y:2013:i:c:p:83-92
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2012.11.006
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    1. Gardenas, A.I. & Hopmans, J.W. & Hanson, B.R. & Simunek, J., 2005. "Two-dimensional modeling of nitrate leaching for various fertigation scenarios under micro-irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 74(3), pages 219-242, June.
    2. Gong, Daozhi & Kang, Shaozhong & Zhang, Lu & Du, Taisheng & Yao, Limin, 2006. "A two-dimensional model of root water uptake for single apple trees and its verification with sap flow and soil water content measurements," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 83(1-2), pages 119-129, May.
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    1. Xi, Benye & Bloomberg, Mark & Watt, Michael S. & Wang, Ye & Jia, Liming, 2016. "Modeling growth response to soil water availability simulated by HYDRUS for a mature triploid Populus tomentosa plantation located on the North China Plain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 243-254.
    2. He, Qinsi & Li, Sien & Kang, Shaozhong & Yang, Hanbo & Qin, Shujing, 2018. "Simulation of water balance in a maize field under film-mulching drip irrigation," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 252-260.
    3. He, Yuelin & Xi, Benye & Li, Guangde & Wang, Ye & Jia, Liming & Zhao, Dehai, 2021. "Influence of drip irrigation, nitrogen fertigation, and precipitation on soil water and nitrogen distribution, tree seasonal growth and nitrogen uptake in young triploid poplar (Populus tomentosa) pla," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    4. Jiao, Maqian & Yang, Wenhan & Hu, Wei & Clothier, Brent & Zou, Songyan & Li, Doudou & Di, Nan & Liu, Jinqiang & Liu, Yang & Duan, Jie & Xi, Benye, 2021. "The optimal tensiometer installation position for scheduling border irrigation in Populus tomentosa plantations," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    5. Zhang, Zhongdian & Huang, Mingbin, 2021. "Effect of root-zone vertical soil moisture heterogeneity on water transport safety in soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in Robinia pseudoacacia," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    6. Xue, Bing & Jiang, Yan & Wang, Qijie & Ma, Bin & Liang, Xue & Hou, Zhen’an & Li, Fangfang & Cui, Yirui, 2023. "Quantification of the water exchange in an agroforestry system under the background of film-mulching drip irrigation of farmland," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    7. He, Yuelin & Li, Guangde & Xi, Benye & Zhao, Hui & Jia, Liming, 2022. "Fine root plasticity of young Populus tomentosa plantations under drip irrigation and nitrogen fertigation in the North China Plain," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).

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