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Temporal stability of soil water storage under four types of revegetation on the northern Loess Plateau of China

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  • Jia, Yu-Hua
  • Shao, Ming-An

Abstract

Conservation of soil water and restoration of vegetation have long been major subjects of concern on the northern Loess Plateau. Revegetation with species such as Korshinsk peashrub (KOP) and purple alfalfa (ALF), as well as with natural revegetation of fallow areas (NAF) have been used extensively. This paper examines the temporal stability of soil water storage (SWS) under these different revegetation types, including under millet (MIL) crops for comparison, grown in adjacent plots on a hillslope intending to provide information relevant to the strategic guidance of revegetation and soil water management practices. SWS was measured at 10-cm intervals in the soil profile to a depth of one meter using a neutron probe on 11 occasions between 2010 and 2011. The results indicated that: (1) time-averaged SWS relative to MIL decreased in the order of KOP (49.4mm), ALF (32.4mm) and NAF (14.9mm) implying that shortages of soil water were induced largely by revegetation and were affected by the plant species. (2) Frequency distributions showed that points with probabilities of 0.5 were not stable between extreme soil water conditions; however, this result might be mitigated or avoided by increasing the sampling density and/or conducting measurement over a longer period. (3) Based on relative difference analysis, the most stable data points underestimated the mean SWS of the plots but were still valuable for precisely estimating the mean SWS of the experimental plot; in addition, among methods for estimating the plot average using representative points, directly using the value of relative difference or their standard deviation, or an index of temporal stability or the mean absolute bias error, no one method consistently performed better than another. (4) ALF presented the most temporally stable patterns among all types of revegetation tested, and vegetation cover and aboveground biomass were the main factors affecting SWS temporal stability. (5) Temporally stable points were located at the mid-slope of the plots. In conclusion, when temporal stability theory was applied to sloping lands mid-slope sampling is likely to give the best results but vegetation characteristics, and in particular vegetation cover should be highlighted.

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  • Jia, Yu-Hua & Shao, Ming-An, 2013. "Temporal stability of soil water storage under four types of revegetation on the northern Loess Plateau of China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 33-42.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:117:y:2013:i:c:p:33-42
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2012.10.013
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    1. de Souza, Edivan Rodrigues & Montenegro, Abelardo Antônio de Assunção & Montenegro, Suzana Maria Gico & de Matos, José de Arimatea, 2011. "Temporal stability of soil moisture in irrigated carrot crops in Northeast Brazil," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 99(1), pages 26-32.
    2. Huang, Mingbin & Dang, Tinghui & Gallichand, Jacques & Goulet, Monique, 2003. "Effect of increased fertilizer applications to wheat crop on soil-water depletion in the Loess Plateau, China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 58(3), pages 267-278, February.
    3. Starr, G.C., 2005. "Assessing temporal stability and spatial variability of soil water patterns with implications for precision water management," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 72(3), pages 223-243, April.
    4. Gao, Lei & Shao, Mingan, 2012. "Temporal stability of shallow soil water content for three adjacent transects on a hillslope," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 41-54.
    5. Gao, Xiaodong & Wu, Pute & Zhao, Xining & Shi, Yinguang & Wang, Jiawen, 2011. "Estimating spatial mean soil water contents of sloping jujube orchards using temporal stability," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 102(1), pages 66-73.
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    2. Zhang, Yuanhong & Li, Haoyu & Sun, Yuanguang & Zhang, Qi & Liu, Pengzhao & Wang, Rui & Li, Jun, 2022. "Temporal stability analysis evaluates soil water sustainability of different cropping systems in a dryland agricultural ecosystem," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
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    4. Li, Haoyu & Zhang, Yuanhong & Zhang, Qi & Ahmad, Naeem & Liu, Pengzhao & Wang, Rui & Li, Jun & Wang, Xiaoli, 2021. "Converting continuous cropping to rotation including subsoiling improves crop yield and prevents soil water deficit: A 12-yr in-situ study in the Loess Plateau, China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).

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