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Irrigation and nitrogen effects on the leaf chlorophyll content and grain yield of maize in different crop years

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  • Széles, Adrienn Ványiné
  • Megyes, Attila
  • Nagy, János

Abstract

For economic as well as environmental reasons, the determination of optimal nitrogen (N) fertiliser application rates under field conditions is of great importance, especially under irrigated conditions. A two-year field experiment was conducted in Hungary (47°33′N, 21°26′E, 111m) with six N fertiliser rates (0–150kgha−1) under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions with the aim to compare the chlorophyll (Chl) concentration of maize (Zea mays L.) leaves at different growth stages to the soil nitrate-N, the amount of N applied as fertilizer and grain yield. The effect of irrigation and N fertilisation on the soil water and nitrate-N dynamics, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) was also examined. In the drought year of 2007, the volumetric soil water content increased from the surface (8.5–9.5, v/v%) to a depth of 1.2m (15–20, v/v%) in both water treatments. In the extremely wet year of 2008, an opposite tendency was observed. In 2007, N applied without irrigation accumulated in the 0–0.2m depth and nitrate-N did not significantly decrease, due to minimal crop N uptake. Under irrigated conditions, nitrate-N was significantly reduced by crop uptake during the growing season of both years. In 2007, chlorophyll meter readings were related to the plant available N at the R1 stage in both water treatments (P<0.001). The CMR value and yield were in close correlation with each other at the R1 growth phase in the drought year in the irrigated treatment (P<0.001; R=0.724), and in the wet year both in the non-irrigated (P<0.001; R=0.735) and the irrigated treatments (P<0.001; R=0.782). The soil nitrate content could be concluded to in the dry year (2007) at the R1 growth stage in both irrigation treatments (R=0.614; R=0.648), and in the wet year (2008) in the non-irrigated treatment at the V12 growth stage (R=0.763).

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  • Széles, Adrienn Ványiné & Megyes, Attila & Nagy, János, 2012. "Irrigation and nitrogen effects on the leaf chlorophyll content and grain yield of maize in different crop years," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 133-144.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:107:y:2012:i:c:p:133-144
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2012.02.001
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    1. Farré, I. & Faci, J.-M., 2009. "Deficit irrigation in maize for reducing agricultural water use in a Mediterranean environment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(3), pages 383-394, March.
    2. Pandey, R. K. & Maranville, J. W. & Admou, A., 2000. "Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on maize in a Sahelian environment: I. Grain yield and yield components," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 1-13, November.
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