Demand Impact for Prices Ending with “9” and “0” in Online and Offline Consumer Goods Retail Trade Channels
Author
Abstract
Suggested Citation
Download full text from publisher
References listed on IDEAS
- Mark Stiving, 2000. "Price-Endings When Prices Signal Quality," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(12), pages 1617-1629, December.
- Herhausen, Dennis & Binder, Jochen & Schoegel, Marcus & Herrmann, Andreas, 2015. "Integrating Bricks with Clicks: Retailer-Level and Channel-Level Outcomes of Online–Offline Channel Integration," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 91(2), pages 309-325.
- Levy, Daniel & Lee, Dongwon & Chen, Haipeng (Allan) & Kauffman, Robert J. & Bergen, Mark, 2011.
"Price Points and Price Rigidity,"
EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 93(4), pages 1417-1431.
- Daniel Levy & Dongwon Lee & Haipeng (Allan) Chen & Robert J. Kauffman & Mark Bergen, 2011. "Price Points and Price Rigidity," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 93(4), pages 1417-1431, November.
- Daniel Levy & Dongwon Lee & Haipeng Allan Chen & Robert J. Kauffman & Mark Bergen, 2007. "Price Points and Price Rigidity," Working Paper series 04_07, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
- Daniel Levy & Dongwon Lee & Haipeng (Allan) Chen & Robert J. Kauffman & Mark Bergen, 2010. "Price Points and Price Rigidity," Working Papers 2010-21, Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics.
- Daniel Levy & Dongwon Lee & Haipeng Allan Chen & Robert S. Kauffman & Mark Bergen, 2011. "Price Points and Price Rigidity," Post-Print hal-02387737, HAL.
- Levy, Daniel & Lee, Dongwon & Chen, Haipeng (Allan) & Kauffman, Robert & Bergen, Mark, 2007. "Price Points and Price Rigidity," MPRA Paper 1472, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Junhong Chu & Pradeep Chintagunta & Javier Cebollada, 2008. "Research Note—A Comparison of Within-Household Price Sensitivity Across Online and Offline Channels," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 27(2), pages 283-299, 03-04.
- Stiving, Mark & Winer, Russell S, 1997. "An Empirical Analysis of Price Endings with Scanner Data," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 24(1), pages 57-67, June.
- Cebollada, Javier & Chu, Yanlai & Jiang, Zhiying, 2019. "Online Category Pricing at a Multichannel Grocery Retailer," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 52-69.
- Patria Laksamana, 2020. "I will Always Follow You: Exploring the Role of Customer Relationship in Social Media Marketing," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 10(3), pages 22-28.
- Pradeep K. Chintagunta & Junhong Chu & Javier Cebollada, 2012. "Quantifying Transaction Costs in Online/Off-line Grocery Channel Choice," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(1), pages 96-114, January.
- Melis, Kristina & Campo, Katia & Breugelmans, Els & Lamey, Lien, 2015. "The Impact of the Multi-channel Retail Mix on Online Store Choice: Does Online Experience Matter?," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 91(2), pages 272-288.
- David R. Bell & Jeongwen Chiang & V. Padmanabhan, 1999. "The Decomposition of Promotional Response: An Empirical Generalization," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 18(4), pages 504-526.
- Liu, Jingchen & Zhai, Xin & Chen, Lihua, 2019. "Optimal pricing strategy under trade-in program in the presence of strategic consumers," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 1-17.
- Koen Pauwels & Shuba Srinivasan & Philip Hans Franses, 2007. "When Do Price Thresholds Matter in Retail Categories?," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 26(1), pages 83-100, 01-02.
- Paul B. Ellickson & Sanjog Misra, 2008.
"Supermarket Pricing Strategies,"
Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 27(5), pages 811-828, 09-10.
- Ellickson, Paul & Misra, Sanjog, 2006. "Supermarket Pricing Strategies," Working Papers 06-02, Duke University, Department of Economics.
- Eric Anderson & Duncan Simester, 2003. "Effects of $9 Price Endings on Retail Sales: Evidence from Field Experiments," Quantitative Marketing and Economics (QME), Springer, vol. 1(1), pages 93-110, March.
- Minha Hwang & Bart J. Bronnenberg & Raphael Thomadsen, 2010. "An Empirical Analysis of Assortment Similarities Across U.S. Supermarkets," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 29(5), pages 858-879, 09-10.
- Eric Anderson & Nir Jaimovich & Duncan Simester, 2015. "Price Stickiness: Empirical Evidence of the Menu Cost Channel," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 97(4), pages 813-826, October.
- Brenner, Gabrielle A & Brenner, Reuven, 1982. "Memory and Markets, or Why Are You Paying $2.99 for a Widget?," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 55(1), pages 147-158, January.
- Anil K Kashyap, 1995.
"Sticky Prices: New Evidence from Retail Catalogs,"
The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(1), pages 245-274.
- Anil K. Kashyap, 1990. "Sticky prices: new evidence from retail catalogs," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 112, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
- Anil K. Kashyap, 1991. "Sticky prices: new evidence from retail catalogs," Working Paper Series, Macroeconomic Issues 91-26, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
- Anil K. Kashyap, 1994. "Sticky Prices: New Evidence from Retail Catalogs," NBER Working Papers 4855, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Bidyut Jyoti Gogoi, 2017. "Effect of Store Design on Perceived Crowding and Impulse Buying Behavior," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 7(2), pages 180-186.
- Kaushik Basu, 2006. "Consumer Cognition and Pricing in the Nines in Oligopolistic Markets," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(1), pages 125-141, March.
- Hackl, Franz & Kummer, Michael E. & Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 2014.
"99 Cent: Price points in e-commerce,"
Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 12-27.
- Franz Hackl & Michael E. Kummer & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, 2010. "99 cent: Price Points in E-Commerce," Economics working papers 2010-02, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
- Hackl, Franz & Kummer, Michael E. & Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 2010. "99 cent: Price points in e-commerce," ZEW Discussion Papers 10-022, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
- Hwang, M. & Bronnenberg, B.J. & Thomadsen, R., 2010. "An empirical analysis of assortment similarities across U.S. supermarkets," Other publications TiSEM adc990b3-1d5b-4fab-8679-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
- Chakraborty, Ratula & Dobson, Paul W. & Seaton, Jonathan S. & Waterson, Michael, 2015.
"Pricing in inflationary times: The penny drops,"
Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 71-86.
- Chakraborty, Ratula & Dobson, Paul & Seaton, Jonathan S. & Waterson, Michael, 2011. "Pricing in inflationary times- the penny drops," The Warwick Economics Research Paper Series (TWERPS) 975, University of Warwick, Department of Economics.
- Chakraborty, Ratula & Dobson, Paul & Seaton, Jonathan S. & Waterson, Michael, 2011. "Pricing in inflationary times- the penny drops," Economic Research Papers 270749, University of Warwick - Department of Economics.
- Schindler, Robert M. & Wiman, Alan R., 1989. "Effects of odd pricing on price recall," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 165-177, November.
- Jan Wieseke & Anika Kolberg & Laura Marie Schons, 2016. "Life could be so easy: the convenience effect of round price endings," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 474-494, July.
- Ngobo, Paul-Valentin & Legohérel, Patrick & Guéguen, Nicolas, 2010. "A cross-category investigation into the effects of nine-ending pricing on brand choice," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 374-385.
- Haupt, Harry & Kagerer, Kathrin, 2012. "Beyond mean estimates of price and promotional effects in scanner-panel sales–response regression," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 19(5), pages 470-483.
- Lynn, Michael & Flynn, Sean Masaki & Helion, Chelsea, 2013. "Do consumers prefer round prices? Evidence from pay-what-you-want decisions and self-pumped gasoline purchases," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 96-102.
- Jan Wieseke & Anika Kolberg & Laura Marie Schons, 2016. "Erratum to: Life could be so easy: the convenience effect of round price endings," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 495-496, July.
- Chen, Pingping & Zhao, Ruiqing & Yan, Yingchen & Li, Xiang, 2020. "Promotional pricing and online business model choice in the presence of retail competition," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
- Kanishka Misra & Eric M. Schwartz & Jacob Abernethy, 2019. "Dynamic Online Pricing with Incomplete Information Using Multiarmed Bandit Experiments," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 38(2), pages 226-252, March.
- Oppewal, Harmen & Tojib, Dewi Rooslani & Louvieris, Panos, 2013. "Experimental analysis of consumer channel-mix use," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(11), pages 2226-2233.
- Schindler, Robert M & Kirby, Patrick N, 1997. "Patterns of Rightmost Digits Used in Advertised Prices: Implications for Nine-Ending Effects," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 24(2), pages 192-201, September.
- Manoj Thomas & Vicki Morwitz, 2005. "Penny Wise and Pound Foolish: The Left-Digit Effect in Price Cognition," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 32(1), pages 54-64, June.
- Muhartini Salim & Lizar Alfansi & Effed Darta & Sularsih Anggarawati & Armelly Amin, 2019. "Indonesian Millenials Online Shopping Behavior," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 9(3), pages 41-48.
- Vincent R. Nijs & Shuba Srinivasan & Koen Pauwels, 2007. "Retail-Price Drivers and Retailer Profits," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 26(4), pages 473-487, 07-08.
- Mitra, Debanjan & Fay, Scott, 2010. "Managing Service Expectations in Online Markets: A Signaling Theory of E-tailer Pricing and Empirical Tests," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 184-199.
- Teller, Christoph & Kotzab, Herbert & Grant, David B., 2012. "The relevance of shopper logistics for consumers of store-based retail formats," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 59-66.
- Ater, Itai & Gerlitz, Omri, 2017. "Round prices and price rigidity: Evidence from outlawing odd prices," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 188-203.
Most related items
These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel, 2021.
"If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again,"
EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 6(1 (Forthc).
- Avichai Snir & Daniel Levy, 2021. "If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again," Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, University of Chicago Press, vol. 6(1), pages 33-47.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel, 2019. "If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again," MPRA Paper 96614, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel, 2019. "If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again," MPRA Paper 94469, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Avichai Snir & Daniel Levy, 2019. "If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again," Working Paper series 19-14, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel, 2019. "If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again," EconStor Preprints 198044, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
- Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir, 2019. "If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low, Think Again," Working Papers 2019-06, Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics.
- Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir, 2019. "If You Think 9-Ending Prices Are Low,Think Again," Working Papers 006-19 JEL Codes: M30, M3, International School of Economics at TSU, Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia.
- Snir, Avichai & (Allan) Chen, Haipeng & Levy, Daniel, 2022.
"Zero-ending prices, cognitive convenience, and price rigidity,"
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 519-542.
- Snir, Avichai & Chen, Haipeng (Allan) & Levy, Daniel, 2022. "Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 203, pages 519-542.
- Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir, 2022. "Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity," Working Papers 2022-07, Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics.
- Snir, Avichai & Chen, Haipeng (Allan) & Levy, Daniel, 2022. "Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity," MPRA Paper 114679, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Avichai Snir & Haipeng (Allan) Chen & Daniel Levy, 2022. "Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity," Working Paper series 22-12, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
- Avichai Snir & Haipeng Allan Chen & Daniel Levy, 2022. "Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity," Working Papers hal-03793887, HAL.
- Avichai Snir & Haipeng & Chen & Daniel Levy, 2022. "Zero-Ending Prices, Cognitive Convenience, and Price Rigidity," Papers 2210.00488, arXiv.org.
- Levy, Daniel & Snir, Avichai & Gotler, Alex & Chen, Haipeng (Allan), 2020.
"Not all price endings are created equal: Price points and asymmetric price rigidity,"
EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, issue forthcomi.
- Levy, Daniel & Snir, Avichai & Gotler, Alex & Chen, Haipeng (Allan), 2020. "Not all price endings are created equal: Price points and asymmetric price rigidity," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 33-49.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel & Gotler, Alex & Chen, Haipeng (Allan), 2012. "Not All Price Endings Are Created Equal: Price Points and Asymmetric Price Rigidity," MPRA Paper 42252, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir & Alex Gotler & Haipeng (Allan) Chen, 2019. "Not all price endings are created equal: Price points and asymmetric price rigidity," Working Papers 001-19 JEL Codes: E31, L1, International School of Economics at TSU, Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia.
- Daniel Levy, 2019. "Not All Price Endings Are Created Equal: Price Points and Asymmetric Price Rigidity," Working Papers 2019-01, Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics.
- Avichai Snir & Daniel Levy & Alex Gotler & Haipeng (Allan) Chen, 2012. "Not All Price Endings Are Created Equal: Price Points and Asymmetric Price Rigidity," Working Paper series 69_12, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
- Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir & Alex Gotler & Haipeng (Allan) Chen, 2019. "Not all price endings are created equal: Price points and asymmetric price rigidity," Working Paper series 19-02, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
- Levy, Daniel & Snir, Avichai & Gotler, Alex & Chen, Haipeng (Allan), 2019. "Not all price endings are created equal: Price points and asymmetric price rigidity," MPRA Paper 91360, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel & Gotler, Alex & Chen, Haipeng (Allan), 2014. "Not All Price Endings Are Created Equal: Price Points and Asymmetric Price Rigidity," EconStor Preprints 104540, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
- Ater, Itai & Gerlitz, Omri, 2017. "Round prices and price rigidity: Evidence from outlawing odd prices," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 188-203.
- Diego Aparicio & Duncan Simester, 2022. "Price Frictions and the Success of New Products," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 41(6), pages 1057-1073, November.
- Macé, Sandrine, 2012. "The Impact and Determinants of Nine-Ending Pricing in Grocery Retailing," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 115-130.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel & Chen, Haipeng (Allan), 2017.
"End of 9-endings, price recall, and price perceptions,"
Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 157-163.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel & Chen, Haipeng, 2017. "End of 9-Endings, Price Recall, and Price Perceptions," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 155, pages 157-163.
- Avichai Snir & Daniel Levy & Haipeng Allan Chen, 2017. "End of 9-endings, price recall, and price perceptions," Post-Print hal-02387743, HAL.
- Avichai Snir & Daniel Levy & Haipeng (Allan) Chen, 2017. "End of 9-Endings, Price Recall, and Price Perceptions," Working Paper series 17-08, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
- Snir, Avichai & Levy, Daniel & Chen, Haipeng (Allan), 2017. "End of 9-Endings, Price Recall, and Price Perceptions," MPRA Paper 78085, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Haipeng (Allan) Chen & Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir, 2017.
"End of 9-Endings and Price Perceptions,"
Working Paper series
17-04, Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis.
- Chen, Haipeng (Allan) & Levy, Daniel & Snir, Avichai, 2017. "End of 9-Endings and Price Perceptions," MPRA Paper 76342, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir, 2017. "End of 9-Endings and Price Perceptions," Working Papers 001-17 JEL Codes: O40, O3, International School of Economics at TSU, Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia.
- Haipeng (Allan) Chen & Daniel Levy & Avichai Snir, 2017. "End of 9-Endings and Price Perceptions," Working Papers 2017-02, Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics.
- Chen, Haipeng (Allan) & Levy, Daniel & Snir, Avichai, 2017. "End of 9-Endings and Price Perceptions," EconStor Preprints 149558, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
- Ngobo, Paul-Valentin & Legohérel, Patrick & Guéguen, Nicolas, 2010. "A cross-category investigation into the effects of nine-ending pricing on brand choice," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 374-385.
- Aparicio, Diego & Rigobon, Roberto, 2023. "Quantum prices," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
- Jeong, Ji Youn & Crompton, John L., 2017. "The use of odd-ending numbers in the pricing of five tourism services in three different cultures," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 135-146.
- Jeong, Ji Youn & Crompton, John L., 2018. "Do subjects from high and low context cultures attribute different meanings to tourism services with 9-ending prices?," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 110-118.
- Hackl, Franz & Kummer, Michael E. & Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 2014.
"99 Cent: Price points in e-commerce,"
Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 12-27.
- Franz Hackl & Michael E. Kummer & Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, 2010. "99 cent: Price Points in E-Commerce," Economics working papers 2010-02, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
- Hackl, Franz & Kummer, Michael E. & Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf, 2010. "99 cent: Price points in e-commerce," ZEW Discussion Papers 10-022, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
- Jan Wieseke & Anika Kolberg & Laura Marie Schons, 2016. "Life could be so easy: the convenience effect of round price endings," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 474-494, July.
- Banerjee, Prantosh J. & Tripathi, Sanjeev & Sahay, Arvind, 2016. "When less is better than more: Just-below discount in tensile price promotions," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 93-102.
- Diego Aparicio & Roberto Rigobon, 2020. "Quantum Prices," NBER Working Papers 26646, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Knotek, Edward S., 2024.
"The roles of price points and menu costs in price rigidity,"
Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
- Edward S. Knotek, 2010. "The roles of price points and menu costs in price rigidity," Research Working Paper RWP 10-18, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
- Edward Knotek II, 2016. "The Roles of Price Points and Menu Costs in Price Rigidity," 2016 Meeting Papers 1563, Society for Economic Dynamics.
- Edward S. Knotek, 2019. "The Roles of Price Points and Menu Costs in Price Rigidity," Working Papers 19-23, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.
- Cardella, Eric & Seiler, Michael J., 2016.
"The effect of listing price strategy on real estate negotiations: An experimental study,"
Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 71-90.
- Eric Cardella & Michael J. Seiler, 2016. "The Effect of Listing Price Strategy on Real Estate Negotiations: An Experimental Study," Framed Field Experiments 00623, The Field Experiments Website.
- Asmus Olsen, 2013. "The politics of digits: evidence of odd taxation," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 154(1), pages 59-73, January.
- Antonio Filippin, 2013. "The Effect of .99 Price Endings on Consumer Demand: An Example of Confounding Factors Surviving in Field Experiments," Journal of Economics and Management, College of Business, Feng Chia University, Taiwan, vol. 9(2), pages 211-229, July.
More about this item
Keywords
Prices; 9-ending Prices; Rounded Prices; E-Commerce;All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- M31 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Marketing and Advertising - - - Marketing
- L81 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce
- C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
Statistics
Access and download statisticsCorrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eco:journ3:2020-06-8. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ilhan Ozturk (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.econjournals.com .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.