IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eco/journ2/2024-04-49.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

An Assessment of the Relationship between Profitability and Energy Intensity for Technology Oriented Manufacturing Firms in India

Author

Listed:
  • Helan Alias Vaibhavi Kabirdas Alavani

    (Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, India.)

  • Richa Shukla

    (Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, India.)

  • Debasis Patnaik

    (Department of Economics and Finance, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, India.)

Abstract

The hypothesis put forth by Porter and Linde (1995) suggests imposing regulation to promote energy efficiency can lead to improved innovation and performance among firms. This study seeks to explore this theoretical premise in the Indian manufacturing sector by analysing the influence of energy intensity on profitability of firms belonging to the Perform Achieve and Trade (PAT) regulated sectors, with a particular focus on classifying technology oriented firms. The study examines seven manufacturing industries from the first cycle of the PAT policy. Two measures of energy intensity indicators, namely the physical economic indicator and the economic indicator, are included in the study. The empirical analysis is divided into two categories: Firms that import technology (714 firms) and firms that do not import technology (752 firms). The study employs panel data analysis with a fixed effect model to conduct the analysis for the time period 2011-2020. Based on empirical analysis, it appears that firms that import technology exhibit a negative relationship between energy intensity and firm performance. Non-technology importing firms exhibit a similar relationship but with a higher coefficient value for energy intensity. The study also includes control variables such as firm size, age, capital intensity, raw material imports, and market concentration. The results show that relatively small to medium-sized firms, which are also young and striving to expand their market size, achieve energy efficiency gains. This highlights the reluctance of established players to improve their performance efficiency through technological up gradation.

Suggested Citation

  • Helan Alias Vaibhavi Kabirdas Alavani & Richa Shukla & Debasis Patnaik, 2024. "An Assessment of the Relationship between Profitability and Energy Intensity for Technology Oriented Manufacturing Firms in India," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(4), pages 538-549, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2024-04-49
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/download/16344/8052
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/view/16344
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mark A. Cohen & Adeline Tubb, 2018. "The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Firm and Country Competitiveness: A Meta-analysis of the Porter Hypothesis," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 5(2), pages 371-399.
    2. Coe, David T. & Helpman, Elhanan, 1995. "International R&D spillovers," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 859-887, May.
    3. Imbruno, Michele & Ketterer, Tobias D., 2018. "Energy efficiency gains from importing intermediate inputs: Firm-level evidence from Indonesia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 117-141.
    4. Kenneth Kigundu Macharia & Dianah Ngui & John Kamau Gathiaka, 2022. "Effects of Energy Efficiency on Firm Productivity in Kenya’s Manufacturing Sector," Journal of Sustainable Development, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 15(3), pages 1-90, May.
    5. Andrew A. King & Michael J. Lenox, 2001. "Does It Really Pay to Be Green? An Empirical Study of Firm Environmental and Financial Performance: An Empirical Study of Firm Environmental and Financial Performance," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 5(1), pages 105-116, January.
    6. Dr. Harish Kumar Singla, 2011. "Does Firm Size Affect Profitability? An Empirical Investigation Of Indian Textile Industry," Paradigm, , vol. 15(1-2), pages 18-25, January.
    7. Adam B. Jaffe & Karen Palmer, 1997. "Environmental Regulation And Innovation: A Panel Data Study," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 79(4), pages 610-619, November.
    8. Ethridge, Don, 1973. "The Inclusion of Wastes in the Theory of the Firm," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(6), pages 1430-1441, Nov.-Dec..
    9. David J. Teece, 2007. "Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(13), pages 1319-1350, December.
    10. James J. Cordeiro & Joseph Sarkis, 1997. "Environmental proactivism and firm performance: evidence from security analyst earnings forecasts," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 6(2), pages 104-114, May.
    11. Harrison, Ann E., 1994. "Productivity, imperfect competition and trade reform : Theory and evidence," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(1-2), pages 53-73, February.
    12. Alexander Vogel & Joachim Wagner, 2016. "Higher Productivity in Importing German Manufacturing Firms: Self-selection, Learning from Importing or Both?," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Microeconometrics of International Trade, chapter 4, pages 139-174, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    13. Kasahara, Hiroyuki & Rodrigue, Joel, 2008. "Does the use of imported intermediates increase productivity? Plant-level evidence," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 106-118, August.
    14. Santosh Kumar Sahu & Himani Sharma, 2016. "Productivity, Energy Intensity and Output: A Unit Level Analysis of the Indian Manufacturing Sector," Journal of Quantitative Economics, Springer;The Indian Econometric Society (TIES), vol. 14(2), pages 283-300, December.
    15. Chandan Sharma, 2014. "Imported Intermediate Inputs, R&D, and Productivity at Firm Level: Evidence from Indian Manufacturing Industries," The International Trade Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(3), pages 246-263, March.
    16. Karen Palmer & Wallace E. Oates & Paul R. Portney & Karen Palmer & Wallace E. Oates & Paul R. Portney, 2004. "Tightening Environmental Standards: The Benefit-Cost or the No-Cost Paradigm?," Chapters, in: Environmental Policy and Fiscal Federalism, chapter 3, pages 53-66, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    17. Santosh Kumar Sahu, 2014. "Energy Use Patterns and Firm Performance: Evidence from Indian Industries," Working Papers 2014-092, Madras School of Economics,Chennai,India.
    18. Myers, Stewart C., 1984. "Capital structure puzzle," Working papers 1548-84., Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management.
    19. Myers, Stewart C, 1984. "The Capital Structure Puzzle," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(3), pages 575-592, July.
    20. Nguyen Le Hoa Tuyet & Le Khuong Ninh, 2023. "Competition and firm performance: evidence from Vietnam," RAUSP Management Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 58(2), pages 111-124, April.
    21. Megha Jain & Simrit Kaur, 2023. "Determinants of Energy Intensity Trends in Indian Metallic Industry: A Firm-level Analysis," Vision, , vol. 27(3), pages 360-375, June.
    22. Patterson, Murray G, 1996. "What is energy efficiency? : Concepts, indicators and methodological issues," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(5), pages 377-390, May.
    23. Stewart C. Myers, 1984. "Capital Structure Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 1393, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    24. Lund, Peter, 2007. "Impacts of EU carbon emission trade directive on energy-intensive industries -- Indicative micro-economic analyses," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(4), pages 799-806, September.
    25. Hasan, Rana, 2002. "The impact of imported and domestic technologies on the productivity of firms: panel data evidence from Indian manufacturing firms," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 23-49, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tiziana La Rocca & Maurizio La Rocca & Francesco Fasano & Alfio Cariola, 2023. "Does a country's environmental policy affect the value of small and medium sized enterprises liquidity in the energy sector?," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(1), pages 277-290, January.
    2. Stefan Ambec & Paul Lanoie, 2007. "When and Why Does It Pay To Be Green?," CIRANO Working Papers 2007s-20, CIRANO.
    3. Nakhoda, Aadil, 2012. "The influence of financial leverage of firms on their international trading activities," MPRA Paper 35765, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Sharma, Chandan & Mishra, Ritesh Kumar, 2015. "International trade and performance of firms: Unraveling export, import and productivity puzzle," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 61-74.
    5. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Wang, Chih-Wei & Thinh, Bui Tien & Purnama, Muhammad Yusuf Indra & Sharma, Susan Sunila, 2024. "Corporate leverage and leverage speed of adjustment: Does environmental policy stringency matter?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    6. Mo, Jiawei & Qiu, Larry D. & Zhang, Hongsong & Dong, Xiaoyu, 2021. "What you import matters for productivity growth: Experience from Chinese manufacturing firms," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    7. Khémiri, Wafa & Noubbigh, Hédi, 2020. "Size-threshold effect in debt-firm performance nexus in the sub-Saharan region: A Panel Smooth Transition Regression approach," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 335-344.
    8. Fulghieri, Paolo & Lukin, Dmitry, 2001. "Information production, dilution costs, and optimal security design," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 3-42, July.
    9. Magnus Schückes & Tobias Gutmann, 2021. "Why do startups pursue initial coin offerings (ICOs)? The role of economic drivers and social identity on funding choice," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(2), pages 1027-1052, August.
    10. Agnieszka Kuś & Dorota Grego-Planer, 2021. "A Model of Innovation Activity in Small Enterprises in the Context of Selected Financial Factors: The Example of the Renewable Energy Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-17, May.
    11. Enrico Santarelli & Hien Thu Tran, 2018. "The interaction of institutional quality and human capital in shaping the dynamics of capital structure in Vietnam," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2018-66, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    12. Niels Johannesen & Thomas Tørsløv & Ludvig Wier, 2016. "Are less developed countries more exposed to multinational tax avoidance? Method and evidence from micro-data," WIDER Working Paper Series 010, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    13. Xin Qu & Majella Percy & Fang Hu & Jenny Stewart, 2022. "Can CEO equity‐based compensation limit investment‐related agency problems?," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 62(2), pages 2579-2614, June.
    14. Takeo Hoshi & Anil Kashyap & David Scharfstein, 1993. "The Choice Between Public and Private Debt: An Analysis of Post-Deregulation Corporate Financing in Japan," NBER Working Papers 4421, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Kim, Sang-Joon & Bae, John & Oh, Hannah, 2019. "Financing strategically: The moderation effect of marketing activities on the bifurcated relationship between debt level and firm valuation of small and medium enterprises," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 663-681.
    16. Fernández de Guevara, Juan & Maudos, Joaquín & Salvador, Carlos, 2021. "Effects of the degree of financial constraint and excessive indebtedness on firms’ investment decisions," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    17. Qian Wang & Duowen Wu & Lina Yan, 2021. "Effect of positive tone in MD&A disclosure on capital structure adjustment speed: evidence from China," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(4), pages 5809-5845, December.
    18. Bae, John & Kim, Sang-Joon & Oh, Hannah, 2017. "Taming polysemous signals: The role of marketing intensity on the relationship between financial leverage and firm performance," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 29-40.
    19. Jukka Isohätälä & Alistair Milne & Donald Robertson, 2020. "The Net Worth Trap: Investment and Output Dynamics in the Presence of Financing Constraints," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-32, August.
    20. Christoph Börner & Dietmar Grichnik & Frank Reize, 2010. "Finanzierungsentscheidungen mittelständischer Unternehmer — Einflussfaktoren der Fremdfinanzierung deutscher KMU," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 62(2), pages 227-275, March.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Energy Intensity; Energy Efficiency; Regulation; Technology; Firm Performance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L1 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2024-04-49. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ilhan Ozturk (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.econjournals.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.