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Frauen sind in Vorständen großer Unternehmen in Deutschland noch immer die Ausnahme: Moderat steigende Anteile in Aufsichtsräten

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  • Elke Holst
  • Anja Kirsch

Abstract

The trend toward more women on the boards of directors of German companies continued in 2013, albeit on a small scale. The share of women on the supervisory boards of the 200 largest companies increased by more than two percentage points, and thereby at a somewhat higher rate than in recent years, to just over 15 percent. The corresponding share of women on executive boards virtually stagnated at a low level of just over four percent. These findings are revealed in DIW Berlin's latest Female Executive Barometer. In the DAX 30 companies there was even a decrease in the share of women on executive boards. The shares of female executives in MDAX, SDAX, and TecDAX companies also remained low. The development in companies with government- owned shares was limited as well. Moreover, women chairing boards of directors are still very much the exception in all the groups of companies studied. This applies to both supervisory and executive boards. The findings clearly indicate that increasing the share of women on corporate boards is not a self-sustaining process, that progress is slow, and that substantial efforts are still required. In order to achieve equal representation of both genders in these posts in the foreseeable future, more drastic changes are needed. In Germany, public companies could play a pioneering role, which is not the case at present. Companies in Germany and their interest groups can look to the Nordic countries for examples of firms that achieve substantial increases in the number of women on corporate boards without mandatory state regulation. Comparing European countries, however, we see that the share of women on corporate boards increased the fastest in countries with a mandatory women's quota. Der Trend zu mehr Frauen in Spitzengremien in Deutschland hat sich 2013 fortgesetzt, allerdings in geringem Ausmaß. In den Aufsichtsräten der größten 200 Unternehmen stieg der Frauenanteil um mehr als zwei Prozentpunkte auf gut 15 Prozent und damit etwas stärker als in den vergangenen Jahren, während er in den Vorständen auf niedrigem Niveau bei gut vier Prozent nahezu stagnierte. Das geht aus dem aktuellen Managerinnen-Barometer 2014 des DIW Berlin hervor. In den DAX-30-Unternehmen war der Frauenanteil in den Vorständen sogar rückläufig. Auch bei den MDAX-, SDAX- und TecDAX-Unternehmen bleiben die Frauenanteile gering. Ebenfalls zurückhaltend war die Entwicklung in Unternehmen mit Bundesbeteiligung. Zudem sind Frauen als Vorsitzende von Spitzengremien in allen untersuchten Unternehmensgruppen nach wie vor der große Ausnahmefall - in Aufsichtsräten und in Vorständen. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass der Anstieg des Frauenanteils in Spitzengremien kein Selbstläufer ist, sich lediglich in kleinen Schritten vollzieht und auch weiterhin erhebliche Anstrengungen nötig sind. Für eine egalitäre Postenbesetzung in absehbarer Zeit sind deutlich stärkere Veränderungen erforderlich. In Deutschland könnten die öffentlichen Unternehmen eine Vorreiterrolle einnehmen, von der sie derzeit aber noch weit entfernt sind. Unternehmen in Deutschland und ihre Interessenorganisationen können aber durchaus auch Vorbilder in den nordischen Ländern finden, die auch ohne staatliche Vorgaben zu deutlich mehr Frauen in Top-Gremien gelangen. Im europäischen Vergleich stieg der Frauenanteil im höchsten Entscheidungsgremium allerdings am schnellsten in Ländern mit einer Frauenquote.

Suggested Citation

  • Elke Holst & Anja Kirsch, 2014. "Frauen sind in Vorständen großer Unternehmen in Deutschland noch immer die Ausnahme: Moderat steigende Anteile in Aufsichtsräten," DIW Wochenbericht, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 81(3), pages 19-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwob:81-3-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Erlinghagen, Marcel & Şaka, Belit & Steffentorweihen, Ina, 2015. "Führungspositionen im Ehrenamt: Ein weiterer Bereich der Benachteiligung von Frauen?," Duisburger Beiträge zur soziologischen Forschung 2015-03, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Sociology.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Board diversity; board composition; female directors; corporate boards; women CEOs; gender equality; management; listed companies; private companies; public companies; women's quotas;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J59 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining - - - Other
    • J78 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Public Policy (including comparable worth)
    • L21 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Business Objectives of the Firm
    • L32 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Public Enterprises; Public-Private Enterprises
    • M14 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Corporate Culture; Diversity; Social Responsibility
    • M51 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Personnel Economics - - - Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions

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