Key Factors of Health Employee Motivation in Jordan. Evidence from Dual-Factor Theory Based on Structural Equation Models

The aim of this study is to highlight the key factors on work motivation and to empirically test the validity of Herzberg theory based on an adapted model using a sample of 325 employees from six hospitals in Jordan. In order to do that, the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach based on the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) technique has been applied. The findings of the study uphold the Two-Factor Theory, revealing that both hygiene and growth motivation factors manifest a positive impact on the overall degree of motivation. From the hygiene factors, the rewards and wage level had a higher impact on motivation while, from growth factors the most important are knowledge and information. The findings support the Herzberg theory of work motivation, revealing that both hygiene and growth motivation factors manifest a positive impact on the overall degree of motivation highlighting that employees give value to non-financial incentives, underlying that not only the financial stimulus would increase the level of motivation and thus mangers need to be focused on this kind of incentives combined with the financial ones.