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Umbruch im Weltwährungssystem: Sollte die Zeit freier Wechselkurse beendet werden?

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  • Jörg Asmussen
  • Gunther Schnabl

Abstract

Im November dieses Jahres sollen auf dem G-20-Gipfel in Cannes Vorschläge zur Reform des internationalen Währungssystems vorgelegt werden. Wie sollte ein zukünftiges globales Wechselkursregime gestaltet werden? Jörg Asmussen, Staatssekretär im Bundesministerium der Finanzen, unterstreicht, dass aus Sicht des Bundesfinanzministeriums ein System fester Wechselkurse oder von Wechselkurszielzonen abzulehnen ist. Europa habe mit den Wechselkurszielzonen des Europäischen Wechselkurssystems in der Vergangenheit ausreichend Erfahrungen gesammelt. Stattdessen könnten Reformmaßnahmen, z.B. eine Stärkung der IWF-Überwachungsmechanismen, eine verbesserte Kooperation bei der Steuerung globaler Kapitalflüsse sowie ein Fahrplan zur Integration weiterer Währungen wie des chinesischen Renminbis in den SZR-Währungskorb helfen, in einem flexibleren weltweiten Wechselkursregime die Volatilität zu verringern, und dazu beitragen, dass Wechselkurse stärker die Fundamentaldaten der Volkswirtschaften widerspiegeln. Dies würde auch einen Beitrag zu einem geordneten Abbau der globalen Ungleichgewichte leisten. Nach Ansicht von Gunther Schnabl, Universität Leipzig, sollte der Kern der Reformen zunächst nicht bei den optimalen Wechselkursstrategien der Peripherieländer liegen, sondern bei der Frage, wie der geldpolitische Kurs der USA im Interesse der ganzen Welt diszipliniert werden kann. Die Antwort könnte in einer Neuausrichtung der Wechselkurse Ostasiens am Euro liegen. Eine informelle Bindung aller ostasiatischer Währungen an den Euro wäre vielversprechend, weil ein externer Anker sowohl für Japan als auch für China politisch akzeptabel sei. Und auch für Europa wäre die »informelle Fernosterweiterung« der Eurozone attraktiv. Unter anderem wäre der Zwang, dem geldpolitischen Kurs der US-Fed zu folgen, im erweiterten informellen Euroraum deutlich gemindert.

Suggested Citation

  • Jörg Asmussen & Gunther Schnabl, 2011. "Umbruch im Weltwährungssystem: Sollte die Zeit freier Wechselkurse beendet werden?," ifo Schnelldienst, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 64(07), pages 03-09, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:ces:ifosdt:v:64:y:2011:i:07:p:03-09
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andreas Hoffmann & Gunther Schnabl, 2011. "A Vicious Cycle of Manias, Crises and Asymmetric Policy Responses – An Overinvestment View," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(3), pages 382-403, March.
    2. Ansgar Belke & Gunther Schnabl, 2010. "Europäischer geldpolitischer Exit im Zeichen von QE2 und Staatsanleihekäufen der EZB," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 79(4), pages 147-161.
    3. Stanley Fischer, 2001. "Exchange Rate Regimes: Is the Bipolar View Correct?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 3-24, Spring.
    4. Gunther Schnabl, 2011. "The role of the chinese dollar peg for macroeconomic stability in China and the world economy," Global Financial Markets Working Paper Series 13-2010, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.
    5. Ronald McKinnon & Gunther Schnabl, 2009. "The Case for Stabilizing China's Exchange Rate: Setting the Stage for Fiscal Expansion," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 17(1), pages 1-32, January.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wechselkurssystem; Internationales Währungssystem; Fester Wechselkurs; Geldpolitik;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F30 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - General
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions

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