Les mutations du néolibéralisme américain quant à l’articulation des libertés économiques et de la démocratie

This article considers the consequences of the Chicago School?s theoretical shift in the early 1950s on the issues of the concentration of private economic power and the linking of the economic and political spheres. It analyzes the process by which the first school, embodied by Henry Simons and Frank Knight, which accepted government intervention and placed emphasis on the deliberative nature of the democratic system, was progressively supplanted by a new approach rejecting any intervention in the market process and promoting a strict separation between the economic and political spheres. We focus on the dynamic through which this new conception of liberalism tends to consider the democratic process as a threat to economic liberties. JEL codes: B21, K21, N12